Chap 1 Gateway 2

Question 1

What are examples of Fold Mountains?

Answer 1

Himalayas
Rocky Mountain
Andes

Question 2

What is the process of folding?

Answer 2

It is the compression of rock layers into wave like structures

Question 3

What is the upfold called?

Answer 3

anticline

Question 4

What is the downfold called?

Answer 4

syncline

Question 5

What are the different types of rocks?

Answer 5

Sedimentary
Igneous
Metamorphic

Question 6

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 6

From multiple layers of sendiment

Question 7

How are igneous rocks formed?

Answer 7

When molten rocks cool and solidfy

Question 8

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

Answer 8

When rocks are changed by high temperatures or pressure within the crust

Question 9

Where are young fold mountains located at?

Answer 9

Along the active plate boundaries

Question 10

What are examples of rift valleys?

Answer 10

East African
Hutt Valley in New Zealand
Rhine Valley

Question 11

What is a fault?

Answer 11

It is a fracture in the rocks along which the rocks are displaced

Question 12

What causes a fault

Answer 12

The tensional forces when plates are pulled apart, result in parts of the fault being fractured

Question 13

What is a rift valley?

Answer 13

It is valley with steep slides, where blocks of land subside between a pair of parallel faults

Question 14

What is a block mountain?

Answer 14

It a block of land between a pair of parallel faults with steep slopes left standing higher when land mass surrounding it subside

Question 15

What are examples of block mountains?

Answer 15

Vosges
Sierra Nevada
Black Forest

Question 16

How is a Volcano formed?

Answer 16

It is landform formed by magma ejected from the mantle onto the earth’s surface

Question 17

What is a magma chamber?

Answer 17

It is reservoir of molten rock beneath the earth’s crust

Question 18

Where are volcanoes located at?

Answer 18

At divergent plate boundaries and convergent plate boundaries where there is subduction

Question 19

What are vents?

Answer 19

Vents are openings in the earth’s surface with a pipe leading into the magma chamber

Question 20

What is magma ejected into the surface known as?

Answer 20

lava

Question 21

What is the upward movement of the magma both into the earth’s crust and onto the earth’s surface known as

Answer 21

Vulcanicity

Question 22

What is viscosity?

Answer 22

It refers to the stickiness of the lava or its resistance to flow

Question 23

What is the most common types of volcanoes?

Answer 23

Shield volcanoes

Statovolcanoes

Question 24

What determines the shape and sizes of volcanoes

Answer 24

It depends on the lava
Low silica lava with low viscosity flows easily and spreads out over a large area, forming shield volcanoes
High silica lava is more viscous and traps gases more easily, resulting in a build of pressure below the earth’s surface. As the mag,a rises, the gases expand causing an outward explosion of lava, ash, rock fragments into the surrounding area. Stratovolcanoes develop from successive eruptions of lava and pyroclasts

Question 25

What are pyroclasts?

Answer 25

it refers to ash, rock fragments and volcanic bombs ejected during a volcanic eruption

Question 26

How is a caldera formed?

Answer 26

When the summit of a volcano is blown off during an explosive eruption, the sides of the crater collapse inwards due to ;loss of structural support.

Question 27

Where are most volcanoes found at?

Answer 27

The Pacific ring of fire which is along the boundaries of several converging plates,

Question 28

What are the plates along the Pacific ring of fire?

Answer 28

Pacific 
Nazca
Philippine
Australian
Eurasian