Chap 1 - Cells

Question 1

What is cell membrane

Answer 1

1. Controls movements of substances into and out of cell
2. Partially permeable

Question 2

What is Cytoplasm

Answer 2

1. Most cell activities take place there
2. Contain ogranelles

Question 3

What is Mitochondria

Answer 3

Carries out aerobic respiration which oxidises food to release energy (cannot produce energy)

Question 3

What is a nucleus

Answer 3

1. Contains genetic material ( DNA )
   Controls cell activities

Question 4

What is Ribosomes

Answer 4

1. Make protein that are usually transported out of the cell
2. Lies freely in cytoplasm and make protein for it

Question 5

What is cell wall

Answer 5

1. Protects cell from injuries and give cell a regular shape
2. Made out of cellulose
3. Fully permeable

Question 6

What is Chloroplasts

Answer 6

1. Carry out photosynthesis in plant cell
2. Contain chlorophyll ➡ absorbs light energy

Question 7

What is Vacuoles

Answer 7

1. Animals ➡ many small vacuoles that contain food and water substances
2. Plant ➡ Large central vacuole that contain cell sap

Question 7

Similarities of plant and animal cells

Answer 7

Have nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, chromosome, vacuoles and mitochondrion

Question 7

What does animal cell contain

Answer 7

Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, chromosome, vacuoles and mitochondrion

Question 8

Differences of plant and animal cells

Answer 8

1. Animal cell have small and numerous vacuoles but plant have large central vacuoles
2. Plant have chloroplast and cell wall which provide fix shape

Question 9

What does plant cell contain

Answer 9

nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, chromosome, vacuoles, mitochondrion, cell wall and chloroplast

Question 10

What is a specialized cell

Answer 10

It posses unique features and structures that enable them to carry out specific function efficiently

Question 11

What is the unique features of red blood cell

Answer 11

It contains Haemoglobin, lacks nucleus, has a biconcave shape and have structures that allow it to bend and be flexible

Question 12

What does the red pigment : haemoglobin do

Answer 12

It binds reversibly to oxygen and allow each red blood cell to be transported efficiently

Question 13

How lacking nucleus help red blood cells

Answer 13

It gives red blood cell more space to carry haemoglobin and transport oxygen from lungs to the rest of the body

Question 14

How having circular and biconcave shape help red blood cells

Answer 14

It increase surface area - to - volume ratio of cell which allow exchange of oxygen to occur at faster rate

Question 15

How does having structures that allow the cell to be flexible and bend easily help the cell

Answer 15

It allow the cell to squeeze through narrow capillaries easily

Question 16

What is the special features of muscle cell

Answer 16

It has many mitochondria and muscle cell is elongated and bundle together

Question 17

Why having many mitochondria help the muscle cell

Answer 17

It allow respiration to happen at a faster rate, releasing more energy for cell to use for contraction and relaxation

Question 18

How does having elongated ad bundle together help the cell

Answer 18

It has different types and all contraction and relaxation to allow movement

Question 18

What special function the root cell have

Answer 18

It has elongated and have long and narrow protrusion

Question 19

What is the special function of the epithelical cell of small intestine

Answer 19

It has microvilli and large amount of mitochondria

Question 20

How does having elongated and have long and narrow protrusion help the cell

Answer 20

It increases surface - to - volume ratio of the root hair cell which allow faster rate of absorption of water and mineral salts

Question 21

How does having microvilli help the cell

Answer 21

It increases the are - to - volume ratio of cell which increase absorption rate of digested nutrients

Question 22

How does having large amount of mitochondria help the cell

Answer 22

It allow more energy to be release for the adsorption of nutrients