Changing Urban Environments Flashcards
What is the term for people moving against the flow of urbanisation
Counter urbanisation
What are the reasons for rapid urban growth
High rates of rural urban migration
High fertility rates
Economic growth in cities
What is a city with more than 10 million people called
A mega city
What are the push factors of rural urban migration
Lack of food
Poverty
Water supply
Poor services
Pull factors of rural urban migration
Better food
More chance of a job
Reliable water supply
Better service eg hospitals and school
What are the economic advantages of big cities in poor parts of the world
Bigger companies
More jobs
Informal sector
Easy to set up own buissness
What are the advantages to people’s quality of life due to big cities in poorer parts of the world
Better services
Sannitation
Electricity
Advantages of greenfield sites
Quick to prepare
Cheaper
Attractive
Disadvantages of greenfield sites
Lost habitas
Threatened wildlife
More pollution
New roads must be built
Advantages of brownfield sites
Easy to get planning permission
Services already in place
Close to cbd
Disadvantages of brownfield sites
Polluted
Smaller
Unattractive
Give four reasons for the housing crisis
More divorced people
Young people are living alone
More people
Older people living longer
What is the governments housing target for 2020
5 million
Name the environmental problems caused by inner city decline
Housing
Derelict buildings
Waste land
Name the social impacts of inner city decline
Lots of pensioners ethnic minority’s single parents etc
Poor health
Bad relations with the police
Describe the economic problems caused by inner city decline
Unemployment
High land cost
Low income
What is an urban coronation scheme
Old and new industry combined
Focus on looking nice and helping people into employment
Why is there more traffic in our towns
More money
More than one car per family
Door to door service
Narrow streets eg York where cars weren’t invited when city was built
What are the environmental impacts of traffic
Air pollution
Noise
Discolouration of buildings
What are the social impacts of traffic
Health issues eg asthma
Why are buissness es pushed from the cbd (push factors)
Congestion Unsafe Air quality Dirty Low grade eg charity shops
What are the pull factors of the suburbs for retail parks
Better parking Safer Less congestion Pleasant environment Near wealthy suburbs
What are the reasons for segregation in cities
Safety in numbers
Specialist facilities synagogue mosque
Cultural eg kosher shops
Emotional support
What are the solutions for the segregation of cities
Improve literacy rates by providing adult learning classes etc
Facilities allowing different cultures to mix
Increase employment
Increase community envolvemwnt
What five environmental impacts does rapid urbanisation have on a city
Traffic Air pollution leading to more bronchitis eg Beijing Water pollution Destroys habitats Waste disposal
What does ASH mean
Aided self help where squatter stettlemsmts are given some money and advice to help improve their facilities
Describe a squatter settlement
Dangerous land eg hills prone to landslides
Handmade buildings so unsafe
1/2 rooms per family
30:1 people to taps/toilets
Open sewage systems leads to disses eg cholera
No rubbish collection
Crime and gang violence
What are the economic problems of shatter settlements
Lack of income
Finding work
Informal sector jobs
Reduction of energy usage
Name three methods of reducing a homes Carbon emissions
Double glazing
Improved insulation
Reduction of energy use
