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A Level Geography > Changing Spaces Making Places > Flashcards

Changing Spaces Making Places Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition of a space?

A

Somewhere that does not have a meaning (one person’s space may be another person’s place)

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2
Q

What is the definition of a place?

A

Somewhere that has a meaning, feeling and perception

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3
Q

What is the definition of demography?

A

The study of statistics such as deaths, births and income

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4
Q

What are the natural characteristics of Toxteth and Lympstone?

A

Toxteth
- Undulating land rising up from the bank of the River Mersey

Lympstone
- Small beach of pebbles and gravel runs along the foot of the cliff

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5
Q

What are the demographic features of Toxteth and Lympstone?

A

Toxteth

  • Higher population density
  • Lower average of elderly compared to rest of England

Lympstone

  • Top heavy demographic due to retired people moving there to live and young people leaving due to lack of work and education
  • Lower population density
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6
Q

What are the Ethnic and Cultural profiles of both Toxteth and Lympstone?

A

Toxteth

  • Multicultural
  • 78.6% White British

Lympstone

  • Highly white community
  • Christianity is the dominant religion
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7
Q

What are the Socio-economic profiles of both Toxteth and Lympstone?

A

Toxteth

  • Bad healthcare due to lack of money
  • Smaller household size
  • Bad education due to bad schools

Lympstone

  • Very good healthcare
  • Bigger household size
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8
Q

What are the political standings of both Toxteth and Lympstone?

A

Toxteth
- One MP to represent Toxteth alone and not the whole of Liverpool

Lympstone
- One MP for the whole area

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9
Q

What is he built environment in both Toxteth and Lympstone?

A

Toxteth
- Adapted migrant communities

Lympstone
- Low order shops have been converted into residences

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10
Q

What are the past characteristics of both Toxteth and Lympstone?

A

Toxteth

  • Popular greenfield site
  • Environmentally declining
  • Industrialised area

Lympstone

  • Strong links to sea and fishing industry
  • Time space compression
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11
Q

Definition of Globalisation

A

The increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of the world, economically, socially, politically and culturally.

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12
Q

Definition of Global Village

A

The idea that the world has become smaller, not in a physical sense but because of its greater interconnectivity

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13
Q

Definition of Time Space Compression

A

Space is no longer the barrier it once was to communication and movement of people, goods and ideas

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14
Q

What factors are apart of Formal Data?

A

Numerical Data
Spatial Data
E.g. Government surveys: Census
Think Tank research: Centre for Social Justice

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15
Q

What factors are apart of Informal Data?

A

Film
Music
Art
Blogs

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16
Q

What 4 types of economy are there?

A

Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary

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17
Q

What is the Multiplier Effect?

A

An event that leads on to have another effect, such as bad education leading on to him having a bad job in the future

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18
Q

Who are the Public Players during economic change?

A

Transnational governments
Local councils/parties/governments
Residents
NGO’s

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19
Q

Who are the Private Player during economic change?

A

All Businesses (TNC’s)

20
Q

What is Digital Dialog?

A

Website who are contracted to advertise a place online through the use of videos and using celebs and pictures

21
Q

What does Rebranding do?

A

Rebranding changes places through regeneration and giving a place a new image

22
Q

Give two examples of places that have been re-branded.

A
  • Barcelona

- Birmingham

23
Q

What sections can players be categorised into for Birmingham?

A
  • Local Government
  • National Government
  • Cultural Players and Universities
  • Private Business and Network Rail
24
Q

What schemes do the Local Government provide in Birmingham?

A
  • National Exhibition Centre (NEC)
  • European and International Affairs team
  • Bullring Shopping Centre
  • Brindley Place
25
Q

What benefit did the NEC have for Birmingham?

A

It attracts inward investment which leads to creation of a place as it kick starts a multiplier effect. This is evident in that people who visit the NEC need places to stay and eat etc.

26
Q

What benefit did the European and International Affairs team have for Birmingham?

A

Helps to generate funding from different EU departments an example being the EU Social Investment department who have invested £235 million between 2014 and 2020.

27
Q

What benefit did the regeneration of the Bullring Shopping Centre have for Birmingham?

A

The regeneration cost around £530 million and created over 8000 jobs. It attracted 35 million visitors in the first year and was helped to re-brand by Selfridges and other companies.

28
Q

What benefit has Brindley Place had for Birmingham?

A

Regeneration and re-branding have in 1993 caused it to turn into an appealing place which has lots of attractions as well as its canal to attract visitors and create jobs.

29
Q

What schemes do the National Government provide in Birmingham?

A
  • The New Deal for Communities
  • HS2 Rail Plans
  • Motorway Links
30
Q

What benefit has the New Deal for Communities had for Birmingham?

A

The National Government invested around £54 million into the local government and council to put into communities of Birmingham alone.

31
Q

What benefit will the HS2 Rail Plans have on Birmingham?

A

A train line being built from London to Birmingham and then onto Manchester. Costs around £20 billion and is rumoured to be faster than the Japanese Bullet Train. Will attract more visitors and increase spending/income.

32
Q

What benefit have the Motorway Links had for Birmingham?

A

Birmingham connects the M5 (South) to the M6 (North) through the M42 which is a ring road surrounding Birmingham. Attracts visitors.

33
Q

What schemes do the Cultural Players and Universities provide in Birmingham?

A
  • City of Birmingham Orchestra

- University Schemes

34
Q

What benefit has the City of Birmingham Orchestra had on the city?

A

The Symphony Hall was built which attracts events to be held there and therefore, the multiplier affect means that local restaurants and hotels increase their income and benefit from it.

35
Q

What benefit have Universities had on Birmingham?

A

Combined student population of 50,000. Contributes to youthful population - a varied amount of products can be sold as society is more diverse. More teaching jobs as well as student spending in the area - increases wealth.

36
Q

What schemes do private businesses and network rail provide in Birmingham?

A
  • John Lewis (New Street Station)
  • Selfridges (Bullring)
  • M6 Toll
37
Q

What benefit have John Lewis (New Street Station) had on Birmingham?

A

They have invested to help New Street Station, and have built a flagship store which attracts other stores to the station and its area. The storefront is modern and attractive, which has improved the look of the environment. The store allowed 1,000 jobs to be created in the tertiary sector.

38
Q

What benefit have Selfridges (Bullring) had on Birmingham?

A

Selfridges built a £60 million store as part of the regenerated Bull Ring shopping centre in 2003. The abstract design of the new building allowed it to become recognisable and a symbol of the company. Its distinct design language has allowed it to be a piece of architecture that attracts visitors to Birmingham. The entire regeneration of the Bull Ring allowed 8,000 jobs to be created and over 140 shops.

39
Q

What benefit has the M6 Toll had on Birmingham?

A

The M6 Toll is a major toll road which acts as a relief road/bypass. This was built by a private company, whereas the other UK motorways were built by the government, and operates in order to take the congestion away from the M6. They currently charge £5.90 for a car and £11.00 for HGVs.

40
Q

What are the different factors that have a role in the rebranding of Barcelona?

A
  • Role of Sport
  • Role of Business
  • Role of Culture
41
Q

How has sport helped to rebrand Barcelona?

A
  • Olympics 1992

- Barcelona Football Club

42
Q

How did the Olympics help to rebrand Barcelona?

A

The athletes’ village was located on the waterfront, with the main stadium a little way inland. The city used the games to generate city-wide redevelopment and to renovate rundown areas such as the harbour and beaches. A riverside park was created along with business and media parks and an international conference centre.

43
Q

How have Barcelona F.C. help to rebrand Barcelona?

A

Barcelona Football Club is another key element to strengthening the city’s self-belief and confidence. The development of the club’s stadium, the Nou Camp, into one of the world’s great sporting venues capable of holding 98,000 spectators has created another flagship location in the city.

44
Q

How has culture helped to rebrand Barcelona?

A
  • Architecture

- Refurbishment

45
Q

How has architecture helped to rebrand Barcelona?

A

The distinctive architecture of Antoni Gaudi gave Barcelona buildings that are recognised as World Heritage Sites by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO). The cathedral of Sagrada Familia and the Casa Batlló for example are visited by thousands of tourists each year. The city used the Universal Forum of Cultures in 2004 to promote the regeneration and re-imaging of the city.

46
Q

How has refurbishment helped to rebrand Barcelona?

A

Refurbishment of public spaces and galleries gave further momentum to rebranding. Art galleries, museums, restaurants, cafés, architecture and public spaces are all used to promote the city as one of the most vibrant and creative places in Europe. La Rambla is a tree-lined boulevard designed to attract locals and tourists to its shops, galleries, restaurants and bars.

A Level Geography (6 decks)

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