Changing Role Of Management Unit 4 Flashcards
Outline 4 Factors that can cause Change
- Education: Workers may have high educational standards and will not accept Autocratic style leadership, they want personal development and to use all their skills and capabilities
- Technology: Firms must adapt and absorb information technology into their system
- Industrial Relations: Managers know they must change as well as workers
- Financial Losses: To improve financial position firms need to change and be adaptable to customer needs
Outline the affects that the changing role of management has on the business
Fewer Workers: Due to improvements in technology, workers are expected to work harder
Contract Workers: “Buy in” services as they need them so they don’t have to employ them
Rapid Communication: Keep up to date with faster methods of communication
Competition: Increased awareness of competition
Define change in management
The process of anticipating and adapting to the changing world of business
Describe a Controller Manager
They watch people to make sure they keep to the rules
Catch out people who make mistakes
Monitor work to make sure its up to standard
Keeps rigid control of the department
Describe a Facilitator Manager
Encourage and supports in all areas of work e.g coming up with new ideas and trying to learn from mistakes
Give staff more responsibilities and ensure they have skills and authority to carry them out
Encourage staff to take opportunities that arise in their careers
Define Teamwork
When employees and management work together for a common purpose and communicate and co-operate with each other over time
Name and Outline the stages in team formation
- Forming: Team is brought together for the first time, must have correct combination of skills
- Storming: Team members argue as they try establish their roles, key roles are formed
- Norming: Team rules are established and conflict subsides as members begin to work together and recognise each other’s strengths
- Performing: Team works as a unit performing efficiently, achieving goals and setting new tasks
Outline the benefits of Teamwork
Increased acceptance to change
A sense of belonging which increases motivation and industrial relations
Increased performance and quality of work
Better solutions to problems, increased creativity
Outline the disadvantages of teamwork
Teams can be just “talk shops” and be all talk no action
Individuals can dominate and force others to go along with their views
Decision making may be slow
Training is required for members which can be costly
Define Employee participation and outline how it may be initiated
Involving staff to a greater extent in the running, operating and decision making process of the business
Can be initiated through:
Job Rotation: workers moved from one job to another on a temporary basis
Job Enlargement: Workers given more variety and a larger number of tasks
Job Enrichment: Workers given more authority and greater responsibility to make decisions
Outline the advantages of employee participation
Employees feel trusted and respected
Maslows Hierarchy of needs is being catered for
Employee jobs are more challenging
Increases employees development and adaptability
Outline Employee Empowerment and its advantages
Encouraging workers to take personal authority, responsibility and use of their skills to maximum of their ability for firms goals and their own personal development
Advantages:
Greatly improved quality of products and services
Increased quality of staff due to training
Increased motivation as staff take initiative and are recognised for achievements by rewards
Empowered workers can adapt quickly to a constantly changing environment
Define employee participation and its advantages
Involving staff to a greater extent in the running, operating and decision making process of the business
Advantages:
Employees feel trusted and respected
Maslows hierarchy of needs being catered for
Employees jobs are more challenging
Increase in employees development and adaptability
Outline how employee participation can be initiated
Job Rotation: Workers are moved from one job to another on a regular basis
Job Enlargement: Workers given a greater variety and larger number of tasks
Job Enrichment: Workers given more authority and greater responsibility
Define Quality Control
Using methods of production to ensure products consistently meet the standards set by law and satisfy customer expectations e.g Raw materials used and workers skills
Explain quality marks
ISO: Internationally recognised standard for quality in production methods and quality of goods
Q-Mark: Widely used in Ireland, a rigorous quality audit is carried out
Define Just in Time production (JIT) and give its benefits
This is a production system which minimises stock held by a business by ordering stock just in time for assembly
Raw materials/stock are delivered only when needed i.e Just in Time
Benefits:
Lower storage costs
Lower wastage
Theft of stock minimised
Define Benchmarking
When a firm measures, monitors and checks their quality against other firms in the industry
Outline 4 reasons employees resist change
Poor communication with staff, workers may not be aware of why change is necessary and may not trust management
Managers and workers may fear or don’t have the skills to adapt to change
Fear of losing job/redundancy
Workers can see training for change as a burden
Outline 4 strategies for dealing with change
- Consultation: The manager must talk to all members of staff about the changes proposed and take account of all staff concerns
- Negotiation: Workers and managers compromise through negotiation and agree on required changes
- Communication: Staff must be notified on proposed change, the reasons for and why its vital
- Decision Making Process: If staff are involved in the decisions on change, they will buy into it quicker
Define TQM and the factors needed for it to be a success
A long term effort to change all parts of an organisation so that it produces the best quality products to satisfy customer needs
Factors:
Total commitment from management and staff
Constant staff training
Everyone in the firm must make a contribution
Rewards must be given for good performance
Outline the advantages of TQM
The quality of the firms products increases
Reputation for quality increases sales
Goods will be fit for purpose and of merchantable quality
Supervision is reduced
Outline the disadvantages of TQM
Its a long term solution and doesn’t produce an instant result
Training of staff is ongoing
The roles of managers and workers must be clearly defined
Risk of failure if staff isn’t committed
Outline the impact new technology has on people
Technology used to carry out repetitive tasks and therefore fewer people are needed
Communication worldwide is now easy, location no longer matters
Technology can help create solutions, like “what if” scenarios
Outline the impact new technology has on business costs
Cost increases:
Buying and updating tech can be expensive as well as maintaining it
Redundancies can occur, redundancy costs are high
People can develop illnesses from continued use of technology and could make a claim against the employer
Cost Decreases:
Because of redundancies wage bill falls
Improves staff efficiency which reduces costs
The need for a larger premises is reduced
Outline the opportunities that technology provides a business
Opportunities for greater efficiency:
Reducing workforce
Provides greater information
Instant communication with overseas branches
Opportunities for new products and services such as:
Satellite and digital tv
Internet service provider
Automated banking systems
Opportunities for new business methods:
Home banking using the phone and the internet
Home insurance quotes using a laptop
Video conferencing without need for foreign travel
