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geography (grade 9) > Changing Populations > Flashcards

Changing Populations Flashcards

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1
Q

Demography

A

-the study of population numbers, distribution, trends, and issues

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2
Q

Birth Rate

A

Yearly number of live birth per 1000

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3
Q

Death Rate

A

Yearly number of deaths per 1000

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4
Q

Natural Increase Rate

A

The difference between the birth rate and the death rate

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5
Q

Birth Rate - Death Rate =

A

Natural Increase Rate

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6
Q

Infant Mortality Rate

A

Yearly number of deaths under 1 year old per 1000

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7
Q

Immigrate

A

To move permanently to a country other than your own native country

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8
Q

Immigration Rate

A

Number of new Canadians who have immigrated here from another country

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9
Q

Immigrant

A

A person who moves to a new country

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10
Q

Refugee

A

A person who immigrates to another country out of fear of persecution in his or her own country

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11
Q

Emigrate

A

To leave your country of orgin to live elsewhere

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12
Q

Emigration Rate

A

Yearly number of people per 1000 who move elsewhere

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13
Q

Immigration Rate - Emigration Rate =

A

Net Migration Rate

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14
Q

Push Factor

A

Something that makes people want to leave their country and move to another (i.e. war, famine, disease, discrimination, unemployment)

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15
Q

Pull Factor

A

Some that attracts people to another country (i.e. educational opportunities, emloyment opportumities, freedom of speech)

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16
Q

Population Growth Rate

A

Natural Increase + Net Migration

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17
Q

Life Expectancy

A

The average lifespan of a population (men/women)

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18
Q

Baby Boom

A

The large rise in the birth rate experienced by many countries in Europe and North America between 1949 and 1961

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19
Q

Doubling Time

A

How long would it take for a country’s population to double at that country’s current rate of population growth.

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20
Q

Rule of 70

A

The calculcation that determines the number of years it will take for a country’s population to double

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21
Q

Population Pyramid

A

Graph that depicts population distribution by age and sex

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22
Q

Population Density

A

Figure caluclated by dividing the population of a region by that region’s area

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23
Q

Population Distribution

A

A pattern showing where people live in an area

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24
Q

Describe stage one of a demographic transition model

A

Both the death rate and the birth rate are high. The natural increase rate is stable or slow. Many children are needed for farming children die at an early age. This is because of poor medical knowlege. The population pyramid is in the shape of a pyramid. This is found in a few remote groups.

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25
Q

Discribe stage two of a demographic transition model.

A

The birth rate is high and the death rate is falling rabidly. The natural increase has a very rapid increase. Many children are needed for farming and children die at a early age. The pyramid is in the shape of a triangle. This is found in Egypt, Kenya, India.

26
Q

Describe stage three of a demographic transition model.

A

The birth rate is falling and the death rate falls more slowly. The natural increase slows down. There is improved medical care and diet and fewer children are needed. The population pyramid is in shape of oval. This is found in Brazil.

27
Q

Describe stage four of the demographic transition model.

A

The birth rate is low and the death rate is also low. The natural increase is stable or slow increase. It is in the shape of a curved oval. This is found in USA, Canada, Japan, France and the UK.

28
Q

Describe stage five of the demographic tranition model.

A

The birth rate is very low and the death rate is low. The natural increase is slowly decreasing. The population pyramid is in the shape of a vase.

29
Q

What are the four types of immigrants?

A

Economic Immigrants, Business Immigrants, Family Immigrants and Refugees.

30
Q

Describe an economic immigrant.

A

This a skilled worker (and their immediate family) that will contribute to the Canadian economy. The skilled workers must receive 67 points in the points system and are evaluated on their ability to be a successful Canadian by working in Canada

31
Q

Describe a business immigrant

A

Business immigrants are the same as economic immigrants, but they only have to earn 35 points and show and ability to make a financial contruibution to Canada’s economy by starting a business, buying a business or making an investment.

32
Q

What is population distribution?

A

A pattern showing where people live in an area. For example a scattered distrubution is a long a coastline or a road.

33
Q

What is even distribution?

A

Spaced out at even intervals, dispersed and man made.

34
Q

What is clustered distribution?

A

Clusters = urban places

concentrated

35
Q

What is Linear Distribution?

A

Forms a line along some sort of feature. (rivers, lake shore, road.)

36
Q

What is urbanization?

A

An area with a population of at least 1000 and no fewer than 400 persons per square kilometres.

37
Q

What are the three factors that affect rural settlement?

A

The kind of resources found in the area; The tranportation methods avalible at the time of settlement; The role played by the government.

38
Q

What is the long lots pattern?

A

They are found in southern Quebec and are narrow lots along the St. Lawrence river that is stretched back from the river. This was to allow farmers to have access to the main transportation route, the river by boat or sled in the winter. The heritage law- Owners had to divide their land with their offspring.

39
Q

What is the concession pattern?

A

Located in southern Ontario, these were made up of blocks large blocks of land, this was to have roads and side roads. These were for family farms.

40
Q

What is the sections pattern?

A

The southern praires. The boarder was the start line and each lot was 94 square kilometres. It was created first in the midwest where there was more rainfall. The parries got less rain which meant that the farmers had to buy other plots to create enough crops. Pioneer families settled on the lots.

41
Q

Define dependency load.

A

The protion of the population that is not in the workforce (under 14/16 and over 65)

42
Q

Define working population.

A

The protion of the population that is in the workforce. (Between 14 and 65)

43
Q

What will happen because of our aging population?

A

More money will be spent on elderly care. One floor houses. Many unfilled jobs. There will be job opportunities for younger Canadians.

44
Q

What will happen with minorities by 2031?

A

About 1/3 of Canada’s population will be a visible minoritiy be 2031, statistics Canada projects

45
Q

What are manufacturing cities?

A

Located near factories. Urban places where goods are mass produced in factories. Sarnia, Ontario is a manufactoring city.

46
Q

What are tranportation hubs?

A

Winnipeg is a railway hub. Vancouver and Halifax are shup, tain and truck hubs. Cargoes can be tranferred efficiently from one means of transportation to another.

47
Q

What are tourist cities?

A

Tourist towns or cities are Urban places that develop as a result of a physical or human feature that people are attracted to see or experience. Jobs are basic and support comes from outside the communties. Banff is a tourist town for phyisical features. Stratford is for human features of the stratford festival.

48
Q

What are government centres?

A

Provides services to people at local, regional or national level. Government services cover activities from grabage collections. To health care and old age pensions. Frederiction and Ottawa are examples. Mostly started are military and government bulidings.

49
Q

What are resource based communties?

A

Had natural resources. Flin Flon, Manitoba. Located in the Canadian Shield.

50
Q

What are low population areas?

A

This is rural areas that are spread out. This could be farmland, or single family homes this would be Stratford or Milverton.

51
Q

What are medium population areas?

A

This is townhouses where people are packed cloer together. Or low rise appartments bulidings, Kitchener Waterloo.

52
Q

What are high population areas?

A

This would be high rises as seen in Toronto or Vancouver.

53
Q

What are the factors that affect land use?

A

The factors are land value, zoning, technology and climate. Location, Location, Location.

54
Q

What is a low order business?

A

This a drugstore, milk store or variety store. A product or service that is purchased frequently.

55
Q

What is a middle order business?

A

A product or service that people buy occasionally.

56
Q

What is a high order business?

A

High priced product or service that is purchased infrequently.

57
Q

What is a local service centre?

A

This is a drugstore or variety store, a product or service that sells products like milk or shampoo, things you need every day.

58
Q

What is a meigbourhood plaza and ribbons?

A

These are supermarkets bakery, hair salon or hardware store. Strip mall.

59
Q

What is a community shopping centre or mall?

A

These are department store, shoe store or jewlery stores.

60
Q

What is a regional shopping centre?

A

Chain stores, book stores, cinemas and specialized stores.

61
Q

What is the central business district (CBD)?

A

These are very specialized stores (downtown) retail district)

62
Q

Where were factories bulit before 1940s?

A

Before the 1940s they were bulit near waterfronts and railway lines. After 1940s, better highways relocated to suburban sites use attractive land scaping to hide bulidings away from residental areas close to highways.

geography (grade 9) (3 decks)

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