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Geography Revision (UNITS) > Changing populations > Flashcards

Changing populations Flashcards

1
Q

Crude birth rate

A

Number of live births per 1000 people per year

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2
Q

Crude death rate

A

Number of deaths per 1000 people per year

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3
Q

Infant mortality rate

A

Crude death of infants less than one year of age

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4
Q

Child mortality rate

A

Crude death of children less than 5 years of age

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5
Q

Fertility rate

A

The average number of children a woman has throughout her lifetime

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6
Q

Population momentum

A

The rate of change of a population

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7
Q

What is the Lorenz curve

A

A Lorenz curve is a graphical representation of income inequality or wealth inequality.

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8
Q

What does the dotted line on the Lorenz curve show

A

The theoretical perfect line of even distribution

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9
Q

Population distribution

A

How people are spread out across an area

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10
Q

Population density

A

How closely packed the people in an area are.

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11
Q

What attracts people to an area

A
  • Availability of food
  • Water
  • Building resources
  • Farmland
  • Good climate
  • Physical accessibility
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12
Q

demographic dividend

A

The demographic dividend is the accelerated economic growth that may result from a decline in a country’s birth and death rates and the overall change in the age structure of the population.

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13
Q

Population

A

The total number of people living in a place.

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14
Q

Population policy

A

purposeful measures are undertaken by governments aimed at affecting demographic processes, (eg fertility, mortality, and migration.)

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15
Q

Anti-natalist

A

Population policies designed to decrease the crude birth rate.

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16
Q

Pro-natalist

A

Population policies designed to increase the crude birth rate.

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17
Q

Ageing population

A

This occurs when the median age of a country increases due to rising life expectancy and/or declining fertility rates.

18
Q

Economically active

A

Proportion of the population aged 15-64 in the working age.

19
Q

Dependency ratio

A

A measure showing the number of dependents, aged zero to 14 and over the age of 65, to the total population, aged 15 to 64.

20
Q

Demographic transition model

A

A model that describes population transitions, in birth, death rates and overall population.

21
Q

Population pyramid

A

A graphical illustration that shows the distribution of various age and gender groups in a population.

22
Q

Migration

A

The movement of people to live or work (usually for at least a year).

23
Q

Immigration

A

Migration to a country with the idea to live there permanently.

24
Q

Emigration

A

People migrating out of a country.

25
Q

Migration balance

A

Difference between immigration and emigration.

26
Q

Push factors

A

Aspect of the migrant’s origin location that makes them want to leave.

27
Q

Pull factors

A

Aspect of the migrant’s destination that makes them want to migrate there.

28
Q

Voluntary migration

A

Migration by choice.

29
Q

Internally Displaced Person (IDP)

A

Someone who is forced to flee his or her home but who remains within his or her country’s borders

30
Q

Forced migration

A

Refers to the movements of refugees, IDPs as well as people displaced by natural or environmental disasters, famine, or development projects.

31
Q

Selective migration

A

Migration which involves one particular cohort of the population

32
Q

Refugee

A

An individual seeking refuge or asylum

33
Q

Asylum seeker

A

A refugee who is hoping to be granted refugee status in their destination country for a short period.

34
Q

North-South divide

A

The increasing inequality in levels of development between the North and the South or between HICs and
LICs.

35
Q

Development gap

A

The difference in wealth between the developed world
(North) and the developing world (South).

36
Q

OPEC

A

The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries represents the interests of oil exporters.

37
Q

The G10 or Paris
Club

A

A group representing the wealthiest members of the International Monetary Fund. (The UK, Belgium, The Netherlands, Sweden, Italy…etc)

38
Q

The G7/8

A

A group of the world’s wealthiest and most powerful countries

(Japan, Germany, France, the US, Canada, Russia, Italy, the UK)

39
Q

Seasonal workers

A

Seasonal work is temporary employment that recurs around the same time every year.

40
Q

Elite migration

A

The immigration of skilled workers for their area of expertise

41
Q

Expats

A

A person who has moved from their native country to another country permanently or for an extended period of time

Geography Revision (UNITS) (6 decks)

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