changing family patterns

Question 1

what are some reasons for the decline in divorce

Answer 1

adultery- betrayal

sexuality - people will realise their sexuality during the relationship

changes in law- women can now opt for divorce.
Gay couples can now divorce equally

secularisation (decline in religion)- not valued anymore

Question 2

what is meant by stigma

Answer 2

negative or stereotypical idea or belief

Question 3

why does secularisation in society explain divorce

Answer 3

Religion has lost influence over society and it is becoming secular.

.52% of people describe themselves as no religion.
.people dont consider religion when considering divorce

Question 4

why does rising expectations cause divorce

Answer 4

People compare their marriage with societies expectations and wont tolerate an unhappy marriage.

Question 5

what is the differences between past and now

Answer 5

Past- money

Now- Love

Question 6

what is the radical feminist opinion of the rising expectations reason for divorce

Answer 6

Radical feminist- the rising expectations ideology is rose tinted and fail to see the oppression of women in the family.

Therefore this is the reason women opt for divorce more than men

Question 7

what is the functionalist opinion of the rising expectation for divorce

Answer 7

they believe marriage is still important and not an institution, due to the amount of remarriages after divorce

Question 8

how does women’s financial independence cause divorce.

Opinion is from…

Answer 8

Allan and crow

women earn more money and don’t rely on men.

-equal pay act
-women in paid work
-girls in higher education- higher work positions

Evaluate-women can support themself in event of divorce

Question 9

what is the new right meaning for the divorce rate

Answer 9

Divorce is bad- leads to single parent household, which causes poorly socialised children as they have no male figure.

Increases parents who claim welfare benefit.

Question 10

what is the post modernist reason for divorce

Answer 10

individuals have the right to end marriage if it no longer suits their needs- major cause of family diversity

Question 11

what is the functionalist meaning for a high divorce rate

Answer 11

High divorce rates are balanced by high remarriage rates, showing people still care for marriage and it is important still

Question 12

how is marriage a social institution

Answer 12

becuase it binds two households, and this is a institution

Question 13

what acts made same sex relationships more acceptable

Answer 13

marriage act 2014- same sex marriage is legal in uk

civil partnership act 2004- same sex couples now have similar legal rights to married couple (inheritance, pensions etc.)

Question 14

what is the difference between child bearing and child rearing

Answer 14

child bearing is the process of birthing whilst rearing is just bringing up the child.

Question 15

STATISTIC- how many children are now born outside marriage

Answer 15

48.5%

Question 16

why are more children being born outside of marriage

Answer 16

because there is a decline stigma and increase in cohabitation

Question 17

how has a change in women positions effected the attitudes towards childbearing

Answer 17

women are now more focused on career rather than child bearing

Question 18

why is there an increase in lone parent households head by females

Answer 18

increase in divorce and seperation.

Female headed due to custody of children usually gave to women as they are seen to be naturally “expressive”.
men are also less willing to give up work and care for children

Question 19

what do the new right believe caused the increase of lone parent households

Answer 19

They believe the welfare benefit is too generous to unmarried mothers

Question 20

The new right believe the welfare benefit system has created a “PERVERSE INCENTIVE” for unmarried mothers. What does this mean

Answer 20

it is an incentive which rewards negative behaviour like birthing children they are unable to support independently creating a DEPENDENCY CULTURE

Question 21

CASHMORE: believes working class women are single by choice and live on benefits due to …..

Answer 21

Abuse
Rise of feminism
greater opportunities

Question 22

what are criticisms of the new right opinion on the welfare benefit system and lone parent households

Answer 22

The benefit system isn’t generous as most lone parent households are living in poverty as a lack of child care means they cant work.
fathers also dont pay child support
women earn less than men

Question 23

Stepfamilies- 85% of stepfamilies, the children come from their mothers previous relationship. Why is it more common for the children to come from the mothers relationship not the fathers

Answer 23

Because women are more likely to gain custody- seen as expressive and caring.

Question 24

There is ethnic differences in family patterns. Out of south asian, british and carribean families which one has the lowest marriage rates

Answer 24

Lowest marriage rates is Caribbean families, whilst highest is British south Asian families

Question 25

Why is there a high rate of female headed lone parent families amonst Black families

Answer 25

Because there is evidence of family disorganisation from times back to slavery.

Slavery: Couples were sold separately, children were kept with mother.

Question 26

What does “Mirza” argue about the high rate of lone parent female headed black families

Answer 26

Mirza- high rate of female headed households represents that black women value independence

Question 27

why is there a declined stigma for divorce and sex before marriage

Answer 27

Secularisation- decline in religious beliefs.
More common
younger generation less bothered about marriage as its costly.

Question 28

why are lone parent families most likely to be poor

Answer 28

because they have to do childcare rather than work

Question 29

what are the characteristics of an british south asian family

Answer 29

high marriage rates
low cohabitation rates
traditional

Question 30

what does it mean by the beanpole family not being extended horizontally

Answer 30

Means it doesn’t include aunts, uncles, cousins. Instead it is vertical and thin only includes generations of grandparents and parents and children.

Question 31

what are two reasons for the rise of the bean pole family

Answer 31

increased life expectancy- more surviving grandparents
smaller family sizes- fewer siblings and horizontal ties

Question 32

what is the difference between cohabitation and marriage

Answer 32

cohabitation is living together unmarried

marriage is a legal union

Question 33

what percentage of marriage ends in divorce?

Answer 33

32%