Changing cities Flashcards
What is urbanistation?
The process of people moving to cities
Describe the characteristics of an urban area?
An area of a city with high development and infrastructure.
Why has urbanisation occurred at different speeds in different countries?
Because different countries had more access to different resources and different services. For example England has a lot of coal and when there was an industrial revolution a significant amount of new jobs where created and there was a lot of urbanisation. On the other hand in countries in Africa where development has been a lot slower, there has not been as much urbanisation as they where set behind by other factors e.g drought and colonialism.
What links industrialisation and economic growth to urbanisation?
The higher the GDP of a country the more money there is to be made, this encourages people to get jobs such as office work which is usually located in a big city, therefore people migrate to urban locations. Also when a country industrializes, such as what happened in England during the industrial revolution, a lot of people move nearer to factories for work.
What are some positive impacts of urbanisation for quality of life?
- Less unemployment
- Higher GDP
- More services available
What are some negative impacts of urbanisation for quality of life?
- Worse environmental conditions
- More cramped conditions (less space and more people)
- More primary sector jobs initially (when there is initial industrialisation)
Describe the distribution of UK population
Most people are located in major cities such as London, Birmingham, Manchester and Glasgow. However there are many smaller towns and villages scattered throughout the UK. Most well known places are on the cost as there are more jobs in tourism, entertainment and aquaculture. However the inland areas have a high amount of agriculture.
Why have some areas urbanised more than others?
Some areas had different things to access, for example port cities like Manchester became trading hubs during the industrial revolution and as a result of this greatly expanded.
What are some functions a city can have?
A city can be a trading hub, for example Birmingham had many roads running through it and as a result of this grew because of the amount of people utilising the city’s services.
Why do some places have sub-urbanisation?
When people settle down and have a family they often want safer conditions to raise a child, the inner city is often not seen as safe for a child but people still want access to high paying jobs. Therefore people wanted to move to an area just outside the city, hence sub-urbanisation.
Define “quality of life”
How well someone can live out their life. How safely and how happily someone lives out their life. Factors that affect it are crime rates, healthcare, education and job opportunities.
Why does economic change link to inequality?
As a city expands so does the city’s economy, however because some people are getting richer by owning businesses in the city they can employ workers for much cheaper cost because this new work force is desperate for work.
