changing cities

Question 1

3 reasons for urbansiation in Sao Paulo

Answer 1

1. job opportunities (economic growth of 200% during industrialisation)
2. heatlhcare (largest healthcare hub in latin america)
3. education (literacy rate of 90vs 85 in Bahia

Question 2

what is the main idea of burgress land use model?

Answer 2

land gets younger and cheaper as you move away from the cbd

Question 3

name 2 things in sao paulo’s cbd that shows inequality

Answer 3

centra velho (financial centre)
corticos (illegally occupied empty spaces)

Question 4

name 2 things in sao paulo’s inner city that shows inequality

Answer 4

-liberade
-favelas

Question 5

name 2 things in sao paulo’s rural urban fringe that shows inequality

Answer 5

-alphaville (gated community with 1000 armed guards)
-favelas

Question 6

explain with evidence 4 impacts of migration on bristol

Answer 6

1. jobs and development (69% of migrants are aged 15 to 64 so they can join and contribute to the working force)
2. ethnicity (non-whites increased from 8.2% in 2001 to 16% in 2011)
3. housing (23% of bristol’s population moved in last decade, cant build houses fast enough)
4. healthcare (1/5 are under 16, requiring healthcare services such as vaccination)

Question 7

explain 4 impacts of migration on sao paulo

Answer 7

1. jobs (11% unemployed)
2. ethnicity (liberdade)
3. housing (favelas)
4. healthcare (largest healthcare hub in latin america)

Question 8

define deindustriisation

Answer 8

long term, absolute decline in industrial activity

Question 9

explain why deindustrialisation occurs and its impacts

Answer 9

1) technological
2) transportation
3) globalisation

–> decentralisation, which is when companies move manfacturing to cheaper countries and ship the goods back to the original country

this worsens unemployment (400 jobs lost in cadbury)
and this drives a bad cycle

Question 10

why is there decline in the cbd and how does the government tackle this problem?

Answer 10

-internet
-increased trasnportations

–> growth of out of town shopping malls (Cribbs Causeway Mall)

so the gov builds something entertaining and modern (cabbot circuit)
or change the land use, such as from shops to offiices)

Question 11

define sustainability

Answer 11

meeting both present and future needs

Question 12

8 marker on how bristol achieves sustainbility

Answer 12

social= affordable housing prices at 80% of market rate

economic= 2020 sustainbility strategy attracted lots of green companies, which created a lot of job opportunities
(8% unemployment rate, lowest in the UK)

environment= kerbside recycling allows 50% of waste to the recycled

Question 13

define and name a top down project

Answer 13

large scale, government driven projects

cingapura project

Question 14

define and name a bottom up project

Answer 14

small scale, community initated project

santo andre slum scheme

Question 15

8 marker on effect of cingapura project on sao paulo’s sustainablity

Answer 15

social= replaced favelas with housing blocks, decreasing crime and increasing security
however, they are small and cannot satisfy basic living needs

economoic= only offered short term jobs, unemployment rate peaked at 19%

environmental= walls built around drains
people still spend a month a year in traffic

Question 16

8 marker on effects of santo andre slum scheme on sao paulo’s sustainability

Answer 16

social= installed electicity and sewage systems for better quality of life

economy= offered adult literacy program

environmental= people spend a month per year in traffic