Changing Cities

Question 1

Migration

Answer 1

The process of people changing their place of residence, either within or between countries

Question 2

Natural increase

Answer 2

The difference between the birth rate and death rate of a place

Question 3

Megacities

Answer 3

A very large city with a population of over ten million people.

Question 4

Shanty towns

Answer 4

An area of very poor housing, often self-built by residents out of basic materials - also known as slums

Question 5

Counter urbanisation

Answer 5

The movement of people from major cities to smaller settlements and rural areas

Question 6

Re-urbanisation

Answer 6

The movement of people back towards city centres away from rural areas

Question 7

What was the main push factor during the industrial revolution?

Answer 7

Machines were being created that took the jobs from agriculture and farming, so farmers in rural areas were no longer needed

Question 8

What was the main pull factor during the industrial revolution?

Answer 8

The first factories were made, so many people migrated to get better jobs

Question 9

Push factor

Answer 9

Something negative about where you live

Question 10

Pull factor

Answer 10

Something good/positive about urban areas

Question 11

Give examples of push factors

Answer 11

Lack of job opportunities 
Few services (hospitals) 
Natural disasters 
War 
Food shortage

Question 12

Give some examples of pull factors

Answer 12

Better job opportunities 
Entertainment 
Improved living conditions 
Family links 
Better education

Question 13

Why is there rapid growth in megacities in developing or emerging countries

Answer 13

Because of natural increase and high levels of migration due to push and pull factors

(Remember to explain what these are)

Question 14

What were the only two megacities in 1950?

Answer 14

New York and Tokyo

Question 15

Which continent has the highest amount of megacities

Answer 15

Asia has over half

Question 16

By 2030 what percentage of people will live in megacities?

Answer 16

9%

Question 17

How many megacities are there now?

Answer 17

41

Question 18

Quaternary industries

Answer 18

An industry which provides intellectual services such as information gathering and processing, universities and research and development

Question 19

Tertiary industries

Answer 19

An industry which provides a service, such as banks, shops, schools,.hospitals and restaurants

Question 20

Conurbation

Answer 20

An area in which a number of existing urban areas have grown and merged into a single large urban area - for example, London

Question 21

Population density

Answer 21

The number of people per square kilometer

Question 22

Name some physical factors that affect population densities in North and West British Isles

Answer 22

Land is higher (mountainous) 
Slopes are steeper (hard to build) 
Soils are thin (infertile) 
Farming is difficult 
Climate is cold and wet

Question 23

Name some physical factors that affect population densities in South and East of the British Isles

Answer 23

Land is flatter (easy to build) 
Slopes are gentle 
Soils are rich (good for crops) 
Farming is good 
Climate is sunny and dry

Question 24

Name some political factors that mean that London has grown rapidly

Answer 24

It is the centre of government and decision-making for the UK
Centre for road, rail and air communications
Centre of banking, culture and creative industries

Question 25

Name some political factors that mean that London has grown rapidly

Answer 25

It is the centre of government and decision-making for the UK
Centre for road, rail and air communications
Centre of banking, culture and creative industries

Question 26

Name some historical factors that have led to the growth of North and West towns/cities

Answer 26

In the 19th century, machines were created and needed coal. Coal was found in the North and West, so factories were built where the coal was to save transporting it to cities. Thus, thousands flocked to the factories for work, making them into cities.

Question 27

Why are industry cities decreasing in size now?

Answer 27

Counter urbanisation is happening. Because we don’t use coal anymore, the factories don’t need as many workers and so people are leaving to go to where jobs are like London.

Question 28

Name pull factors for London that are economic

Answer 28

Work for creative industries
Jobs - famous museums, banking
River trade connections
Transportation is easier

Question 29

Name some pull factors for London that are social

Answer 29

Shopping centres
Landmarks
Entertainment - O2 concerts