Changes of state and the particle model Flashcards
How are particles arranged in a solid?
- Closely packed
- In a regular pattern
- Fixed positions
How are particles arranged in a liquid?
- Closely Packed
- Can move around each other
- Random positions
How are particles arranged in a gas?
- Not packed
- Move freely
Define evaporation
Liquid to gas
Define condensation
Gas to liquid
Define sublimation
solid to gas
What does the increase of temperature in a substance depend on?
- Mass
- Specific Heat capacity
- Total energy transferred to the substance
Define Specific Latent heat
Energy needed to change the state of 1kg of a substance with no change in temperature
Specific latent heat of fusion
Energy needed to melt 1kg of a substance with no change of temperature
Specific latent heat of vaporisation
Energy needed to boil 1kg of a substance with no change of temperature
Define Density
Mass for a given volume
Do solids have a high or low density? why?
High because the particles are closer together and more compact
Do liquids have a high or low density? why?
High because the particles are close together
Do gases have a high or low density? why?
Low because the particles are very far apart
Why does polystyrene have a low density?
Even though it is a solid, it has a very open structure and is full of air spaces
