Changes In The Way Of Life Of The Plains Indians Flashcards
Why were the initials resources depleting?
The railroads disrupted buffalo herds and often led to buffalo deaths.
Indians were also forced away from railroads and onto the nearby reservations.
Why was the increased numbers of cattle a problem?
It put more pressure on buffalos and the Indians way of life.
Cattle numbers increased from 130,000 in 1860 to 4.5 million in 1880.
Reservations continued to undermine traditional ways of life for Indians what problems did this cause?
They were reduced in size. Which made hunting increasingly difficult.
Many Indians became reliant on government food handouts.
The Bureau of Indian Affairs were often corrupt.
How were Indians seen as hostile?
Indians who did not move to reservations allocated to them were seen as hostile.
Who were The Sanger Sioux Indians?
They lived on a reservation in Minnesota.
Little Crow was the chief.
What what happened in Little Crow’s War in 1862?
Little Crow led a group which attacked the agency in charge of the reservation.
Several US soldiers were killed.
This led to the capture of many Santee.
What was The Sand Creek Massacre in 1864?
The Cheyenne tribe were starving to death after a poor harvest.
Black kettle (their chief) led a rebellion in which they attacked wagons.
On November 29th 1864, Colonel Chivington raided the camp.
150 Indians were killed even though they surrendered.
What was the Bozeman Trail?
Founded by John Bozeman.
Connected Oregon Trail with the gold in Montana.
Crossed The Sioux hunting ground.
This violated the 1851 Fort Laramie Treaty.
What was Red Cloud’s War? 1866-68
One of the Lakota Sioux chiefs, Red Cloud attacked the trail travellers.
In December 1866, 80 US soldiers were drawn into a trap and killed by the Sioux.
Indians blocked route to travellers.
As a result the US army had to negotiate a second Fort Laramie Treaty.
What happened in the Second Fort Laramie Treaty 1868?
US government abandoned the Bozeman trail.
Red Cloud moved his tribes to a reservation on the Missouri River.
Indians and government agreed to the treaty.
Indians were separated which meant that it was hard for them to act together.
