changes and conflict

Question 1

what were the impacts of railroads? (4)

Answer 1

• increased settlement
• disrupted buffalo herds
• led to buffalo extermination
• indigenous tribes were moved off railroad land onto reservations

Question 2

how did trains disrupt buffalo migrations? (2)

Answer 2

• noise of trains
• fencing of railroad tracks

Question 3

what were the impacts of the growing cattle industry?

Answer 3

• cattle and buffalo competed for the same resources
  -cattle trails often crossed indigenous lands- some allowed it for a fee but others attacked

Question 4

impacts of gold prospecting (searching) on indigenous peoples (5)

Answer 4

• prospectors crossed tribal land and ignored treaties
• prospectors brought diseases which indigenous peoples were not used to
• prospectors killed buffalo that were needed
• violence sometimes broke out between prospectors and tribes
  -mining camps grew and brought schools/churches that were not part of native culture

Question 5

why did indigenous peoples move to reservations? (5)

Answer 5

• white American expansion meant there was less animals and land to hunt on
• US government promised protection of their lands and regular food supply
• tribes signed treaties out of desperation for food
• some tribes sided with US for support against enemies
• US army forced tribes into reservations

Question 6

why were reservations good for the US?

Answer 6

• limited contact/conflict between tribes and white settlers
• encourage tribes to accept white American culture (Christianity/farming)

Question 7

how did reservations affect Indigenous ways of life? (3)

Answer 7

• reservations were made smaller, meaning they could not survive through hunting and forcing them to become dependent on government food supplies
• agents that ran the reservations were usually corrupt and cheated tribes
• when conflicts due to these pressures occurred, the government used the excuse to take more land from the tribes

Question 8

when was the second fort laramie treaty?

Answer 8

1868

Question 9

what were the terms of the second Fort Laramie treaty? (4)

Answer 9

• great Sioux reservation set up, including black hills that were sacred to the Sioux
• US government agreed to make regular payments of food and clothing to the Sioux
• US government would close Bozeman trail and forts along it
• white settlers could not go on the Great Sioux reservation

Question 10

why was the second Fort Laramie treaty created? (3)

Answer 10

• government broke the first one
• lots of tension between white settlers and indigenous peoples
• at the end of red cloud’s war this treaty was the compromise made between Lakota Sioux and US government