Change management models Flashcards
What is Kotter’s theory ?
The main characteristic of Kotter’s theory is its focus on employee experience and clear communications rather than just the implementation of change.
What are kotters 8 steps?
- Increase urgency
- create coalition
- communicate the purpse and vision
- communicate often and consistently
- remove barriers, keep things moving
- focus on short term wins
- build on the change, never give up
- anchor into culture to embed the change
What are the advantages of Kotters theory?
Easy to follow simple step by step processes
Focus on employee participation and acceptance
Well planned with focus on preparation for change
Gathers constructive feedback to act on
What are the disadvantages of kotters theory?
Some steps are not clear
May have too many steps
It is time consuming to plan and implement all the steps
More successful in Hierarchical structures
What is Lewins three step model?
A three step model designed to instigate the change by deliberately upsetting the equilibrium of what currently happens to effect change.
1. Unfreezing
2. changing
3. refreezing
What happens in the unfreezing stage?
Unfreezing requires a change in perception. An awareness that current ways of working are not working. Resistance to change is strong at this stage.
What happens in the changing stage?
Begin the transition into a new state of being.
Introduce implementation of the change to make it real.
Uncertainty and fear is at its highest, resistance is weakening.
The inevitability of change starts to take root in hearts and minds.
Training for new behavior’s, processes, ways of working is vital.
What happens in the refreezing stage?
Anchor the changes.
Avoid constant change.
Create a reward system.
Keep everyone informed.
Support all team members.
Report on progress.
Celebrate success.
What are the advantages of Lewins change model?
Easy to use, no need for extensive training
Logical
Based on behavioral psychology
What are the disadvantages of lewins change model?
Too simple
Too rigid
It upsets the equilibrium making it difficult for employees
What is Nudge theory?
The principle behind nudge theory is that small actions can have a major impact on how people behave. Nudge theory is about moving people towards change without being told they must change.
What are the four categories of nudges?
- provide a reason for change
- plant alternative behaviours
- provide opportunities to practice
- give regular feedback
What are the advantages of nudge theory?
empowers employees
better for people
What are the disadvantages of nudge theory?
Not easy to get the options right to lead to required outcome
What is the McKinsey 7S model?
The McKinsey 7S model focuses on seven interlinked elements of a business. It considers all these elements to be crucial for successful change.
