Change and Continuity: Effects of the NEP

Question 1

NEP introduced at the Tenth Party Congress

Answer 1

8-16 March 1921

Question 2

Lenin - NEP

Answer 2

‘what is needed now is an economic breathing spell’

Question 3

Christopher Hill - Rhetoric of the NEP

Answer 3

‘it was a large scale retreat, another breathing space, a Brest Litovsk on the economic front’

Question 4

Martin McCauley - NEP v War Communism

Answer 4

‘If War Communism was a leap into socialism then the NEP was a leap out of socialism’

Question 5

Key points of NEP (3)

Answer 5

1) Grain requisitioning was replaced by a simple food/materials tax
2) Peasants and small scale enterprises allowed to trade privately again
3) Return of the Russian Rouble and currency based economy

Question 6

Positive impacts of the NEP in terms of output (4)

Answer 6

1) Encouraged increased agricultural production
2) By 1925, cultivation was back to 1913 levels
3) Increased proletariat production and wages
4) By 1926 industrial output had returned to 1913 levels

Question 7

Negative impacts of the NEP (4)

Answer 7

1) Rise of a new profiteering class, dubbed the NEPmen
2) Scissors Crisis (lots of food but not enough manufactured goods)
3) Unequal rate of recovery for urban and rural production
4) Contradicted many Communist ideals