Challenge: Kronstadt Revolt

Question 1

Adcock - Threat of 1921

Answer 1

‘the year 1921 was the supreme crisis of the Communist regime’

Question 2

Lenin - Emergency of 1921

Answer 2

‘we are just hanging on’

Question 3

Brutal suppression of strikes in Petrograd under martial law

Answer 3

February 1921

Question 4

Kronstadt soldiers draw up a 15-point resolution

Answer 4

1 March 1921

Question 5

Kronstadt Revolt

Answer 5

1-18 March 1921

Question 6

Soldier figures

Answer 6

50,000 Red Army
20,000 Kronstadt soldiers

Question 7

Lenin - Kronstadt significance

Answer 7

‘This was the flash which lit up reality better than anything else’

Question 8

Conditions in the cities in 1921 (4)

Answer 8

1) Shortage of materials led to the closure of many factories, increasing unemployment
2) There was still a lack of food
3) Workers called for an end to war communism, the secret police and red terror
4) They wanted to directly buy food from the peasants

Question 9

Trotsky - Kronstadt Sailors

Answer 9

‘the pride and glory of the revolution…the reddest of the red’

Question 10

Sheila Fitzpatrick - Significance of Kronstadt

Answer 10

‘a symbolic parting of the ways between the working class and the Bolshevik Party…The Soviet regime had, for the first time, turned its guns on the revolutionary proletariat’

Question 11

Demands of the Kronstadt Sailors (3)

Answer 11

1) ‘Soviets without communists’
2) Return to the ideals of 1917
3) A constituent socialist government

Question 12

Richard Malone - Core crisis of Kronstadt

Answer 12

‘The core crisis of Kronstadt was ideological rather than military’