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Wine - France > Champagne Wine > Flashcards

Champagne Wine Flashcards

1
Q

How many grams of sugar are added to create 6 atmospheres of pressure in a bottle of Champagne?

A

24 grams of sugar

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2
Q

What is ‘jetting’ and at what stage of the Champagne process is it done?

A

A new technique seeks to regulate the oxidation that occurs through the shock of disgorgement: in order to minimize the amount of air in the bottle, a tiny droplet of water or wine is added just before the cork is inserted, causing the carbon dioxide on the surface of the wine to foam up and expel the air. The cork is then put into the bottle, compressing the carbon dioxide without any air.

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3
Q

Which Single Vineyard Champagne, unlike others, is produced almost every year?

A

Philipponnat ‘Clos de Goisses’ hasn’t missed a vintage since 1988. From 1935 to 2007 only 12 vintages were skipped.

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4
Q

Which is the warmest Single Vineyard Champagne site?

A

Philipponnat ‘Clos de Goisses’ is usually about 1.5C warmer than other surrounding sites

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5
Q

What is ‘pointage’?

A

Bottles are briskly shaken in order to prevent the sediment from sticking to the sides of the bottle

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6
Q

What is the largest vine growing village in Champagne?

A

Les Riceys

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7
Q

When did Jacquesson 1st start using the 728 series?

A

2000 was the 1st vintage of 728 and each subsequent vintage a number is added

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8
Q

What are the 7 grapes of Champagne?

A 
Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
Meunier 
Pinot Blanc Vrai
Petite Meslier
Arbanne 
Pinot Gris
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9
Q

What was the 1st vintage of Krug Clos de Mesnil?

A

1979

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10
Q

What is ratafia?

A

Spirit made from Champagne grapes from the rebeche

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11
Q

Name the 4 Heirloom Grapes of Champagne.

A

Arbanne
Pinot Blanc
Pinot Gris
Petit Meslier

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12
Q

Name the producer and wine made in a Solera in Champagne.

A

Jacques Selosse ‘Substance’

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13
Q

What is ‘boues de ville’?

A

Sterilized trash from Paris or Reims that was used to be spread on Champagne vineyards

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14
Q

What is the sugar content of ‘Demi-sec’ Champagne?

A

32-50 grams per litre

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15
Q

How many grams of sugar is typically added as ‘liqueur de tirage’?

A

24 grams which creates 6 atmospheres of pressure

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16
Q

What are the 4 approved training systems in Champagne?

A

Chablis

Cordon

Double Guyot

Vallée de la Marne

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17
Q

What is the maximum amount of a récoltant manipulant’s production that may be from purchased grapes?

A

5%

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18
Q

What is the cepage of Bollinger Vieilles Vignes Françaises ?

A

100% Pinot Noir

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19
Q

What percentage of a years harvest may be sold as vintage?

A

80% maximum

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20
Q

Who was the first producer to release a Brut Champagne?

A

Pommery

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21
Q

What is blocage?

A

The reserve of wine stocks for use in future vintages

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22
Q

What is a ‘crayeres’?

A

Excavated cellars of Champagne

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23
Q

Champagne producers historically performed a process called _____, shaking bottles briskly to prevent sediment from sticking to the glass.

A

Pointage

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24
Q

How many villages have Grand Cru status?

A

17

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25
Q

How many villages have premier Cru status?

A

42

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26
Q

Autolysis is?

A

Breakdown of dead yeast cells

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27
Q

How long does secondary fermentation last?

A

Up to 8 weeks as the yeast slowly converts the additional sugar to alcohol and carbon dioxide

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28
Q

In the production of Champagne, what is the measurement of the Vin de Cuvee?

A

2050ltrs

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29
Q

When was Philipponnat’s ‘Clos de Goisses’ first vintage released?

A

1935

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30
Q

What varietals are used to make Rose de Riceys?

A

Pinot Noir 100%

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31
Q

When is transvasage permitted?

A

Bottle sizes of a Jeroboam and larger and smaller than a half bottle

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32
Q

What percentage does alcohol content increase during secondary fermentation?

A

1.2 to 1.3 %

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33
Q

When is jetting performed?

A

During disgorgement

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34
Q

Which are the only Premier Cru villages with a 99% ranking?

A

Mareuil sur Ay in Vallee de la Marne

Tauxieres in Montaigne de Reims

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35
Q

Which bottle size is obsolete?

A

Rehoboam (discontinued in 1989)

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36
Q

Which district is Pinot Noir prominent day in Champagne?

A

Montagne de Reims

The Aube

37
Q

Dosage is?

A

Liqueur d’expedition - a liquid mixture of sugar syrup and wine

38
Q

Inaugural vintage of Krug Clos d’Ambonnay is?

39
Q

Liqueur d’expedition is?

A

Dosage, the addition of a liquid mixture of sugar syrup and wine

40
Q

Liqueur de tirage is?

A

Additional mixture of still wine, yeasts, sugar and fining agents that will ignite the second fermentation

41
Q

List the 5 Champagne Regions North to South

A

Montagne de Reims

Vallee de la Marne

Côte des Blancs

Cote de Sezanne

Côte des Bar

42
Q

Minimum aging for NV Champagne?

A

15 months of which 12 are on the lees

43
Q

Name 2 producers who make a Champagne sourced from Les Chetillons?

A

Pierre Peters

Pierre Moncuit

44
Q

Name 3 current Special Club Members

A

Paul Bara

Gaston Chiquet

Pierre Gimonnet

Marc Hebrart

45
Q

Name 4 different atmospheric pressures?

A

Perlant - less than 2.5 atmospheres
Petillant - 2.5 to 3.5 atmospheres
Cremant - 3.6 atmospheres
Mousseux - 3.5 - 6 atmospheres

46
Q

Name 6 methods to produce sparkling wine?

A 
Traditional method
Transfer method
Tank method 
Russian continuous method
Methode ancestrale 
Carbonation
47
Q

Name a Prestige Cuvée made from ungrafted original rootstock.

A

Bollinger Vieilles Vignes Françaises.

48
Q

Name drop-outs from Special Club.

A

Pierre Peters

Larmandier-Bernier

Leclerc-Briant

49
Q

Name of the Second Crop?

50
Q

Name some Prestige Cuvée Blanc de Blancs.

A

Dom Ruinart

Salon

Taittinger Comtes de Champagne

Charles Heidsieck Blanc de Millenaires

51
Q

Rose de Riceys are produced in which village and region?

A

Les Riceys in the Aube

52
Q

1st vintage of Louis Roederer Cristal?

A

1876 - not commercially available until 1945

53
Q

_____ is the oldest house in Champagne.

54
Q

Which regions is Chardonnay prominent?

A

Cote de Sezanne

Cote des Blancs

55
Q

What is the CIVC?

A

Comite Interprofessional du Vin de Champagne

56
Q

What is saignee?

A

The wine gains its hue through extended skin contact (less common than blending)

57
Q

What is debourbage?

A

Allowing the juice to settle after pressing at a cool temperature so that the remaining solids can be removed

58
Q

What is prise de mousse?

A

Second fermentation

59
Q

What is sur latte?

A

Bottles are stored horizontally during secondary fermentation

60
Q

What is the southernmost village of Champagne?

A

Les Riceys

61
Q

What is the most southerly region of Champagne?

62
Q

What was the inaugural vintage of Dom Perignon?

63
Q

Pointage is?

A

Historic practice of briskly shaking Champagne bottles to prevent the sediment from sticking to the sides of the bottle

64
Q

Pupitre is?

A

2 large wooden planks fastened together in an upright “A” shape with 60 angled holes in each plank of wood

65
Q

Remuage is?

A

Riddling, twists and inversions of the bottle

66
Q

Sur latte is?

A

Champagne bottles are stored horizontally during secondary fermentation

67
Q

Sur pointe is?

A

Champagne bottles in the upside down position

68
Q

What are the 6 Grand Crus found in the Cote des Blancs?

A

Chouilly

Oiry

Cramant

Avize

Oger

Le Mesnil sur Oger

69
Q

What are the 5 districts of Champagne?

A 
Montagne de Reims
Vallee de la Marne
Cote des Blancs
Cote de Sezanne
Cote des Bars (the Aube)
70
Q

What are two methods of producing rose Champagne?

A

Saignee method

Blending

71
Q

What are the 9 Grand Crus found in Montagne de Reims?

A

Sillery

Puisieulx

Beaumont sur Vesle

Verzenay

Mailly

Verzy

Louvois

Bouzy

Ambonnay

72
Q

What are the 2 Grand Crus located in Vallee de la Marne?

A

Ay

Tours-sur-Marne

73
Q

Outstanding Champagne vintages of the 90s?

74
Q

Outstanding Champagne vintages from the 80s?

A 
81
82
85
88
89
75
Q

Outstanding Champagne vintages of the 2000s?

76
Q

Outstanding Champagne vintages of the 70s?

A 
71
73
75
76
79
77
Q

Which Champagne producer practices “en provignage” in the vineyard for one of their top parcels?

A

Bollinger ‘ Vieilles Vignes Françaises’

78
Q

What is an ‘Agraffe’?

A

Term for the small wire mesh

79
Q

At what stage during the production of Champagne is cold stabilization carried out?

A

After assemblage and before secondary fermentation occurs

80
Q

Name 5 single vineyard Champagnes and the producer and fantasy name

A

Agrapart - ‘Venus’ - 100% Chardonnay from Avize

Billecart-Salmon - ‘Clos St-Hilaire’ - 100% Pinot Noir from Mareuil-sur-Ay

Egly-Ouriet - ‘Les Crayeres’ - 100% Pinot Noir - Ambonnay

Jacquesson - ‘Champ Cain’ - 100% Chardonnay - Avize

Krug - ‘Clos du Mesnil’ - 100% Chardonnay - Le Mesnil-sur-Oger

      - ‘Clos d’Ambonnay’ - 100% Pinot Noir - Ambonnay

Pierre Peters - ‘Cuvée Spéciale les Chetillons’ - 100% Chardonnay - Le Mesnil-sur-Oger

Philipponnat - ‘Clos des Goisses’ - 70% Pinot Noir / 30% Chardonnay - Mareuil-sur-Ay

81
Q

Name 3 AOCs in Champagne.

A

Champagne

Rosé des Riceys

Coteaux Champenois

82
Q

The Royal Decree issued on May 25, 1728 stated what which greatly impacted Champagne?

A

It permitted wine to be transported in bottle. Before this it could only be shipped in cask.

83
Q

Name 3 producers who resist malolactic fermentation.

A 
Lanson
Gosset
Gratien
Bereche
JL Vergnon
Vilmart

Krug and Vilmart don’t encourage

84
Q

For the liqueur de tirage how many grams of sugar is needed to create 1 atmosphere of pressure?

A

4 grams of sugar

85
Q

For the liqueur de tirage if 12 grams of sugar is added, how many atmospheres of pressure is created?

A

3 atmospheres

86
Q

Name a producer who uses degorgement a la volée exclusively.

A

Bereche - 85,000 bts per year by hand

87
Q

What is ‘provignage’?

A

The technique involves burying the principal shoot of the vine into the ground, which then forms a new vine connected to the old one. Repeated over and over, the entire row of vines remains connected together underground

88
Q

Who owns the vineyard ‘Cote aux Enfants’?

89
Q

What is the coldest year of the decade in Champagne (2000 to 2010)

Wine - France (17 decks)

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