Champagne Wine

Question 1

How many grams of sugar are added to create 6 atmospheres of pressure in a bottle of Champagne?

Answer 1

24 grams of sugar

Question 2

What is ‘jetting’ and at what stage of the Champagne process is it done?

Answer 2

A new technique seeks to regulate the oxidation that occurs through the shock of disgorgement: in order to minimize the amount of air in the bottle, a tiny droplet of water or wine is added just before the cork is inserted, causing the carbon dioxide on the surface of the wine to foam up and expel the air. The cork is then put into the bottle, compressing the carbon dioxide without any air.

Question 3

Which Single Vineyard Champagne, unlike others, is produced almost every year?

Answer 3

Philipponnat ‘Clos de Goisses’ hasn’t missed a vintage since 1988. From 1935 to 2007 only 12 vintages were skipped.

Question 4

Which is the warmest Single Vineyard Champagne site?

Answer 4

Philipponnat ‘Clos de Goisses’ is usually about 1.5C warmer than other surrounding sites

Question 5

What is ‘pointage’?

Answer 5

Bottles are briskly shaken in order to prevent the sediment from sticking to the sides of the bottle

Question 6

What is the largest vine growing village in Champagne?

Answer 6

Les Riceys

Question 7

When did Jacquesson 1st start using the 728 series?

Answer 7

2000 was the 1st vintage of 728 and each subsequent vintage a number is added

Question 8

What are the 7 grapes of Champagne?

Answer 8

Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
Meunier 
Pinot Blanc Vrai
Petite Meslier
Arbanne 
Pinot Gris

Question 9

What was the 1st vintage of Krug Clos de Mesnil?

Answer 9

1979

Question 10

What is ratafia?

Answer 10

Spirit made from Champagne grapes from the rebeche

Question 11

Name the 4 Heirloom Grapes of Champagne.

Answer 11

Arbanne
Pinot Blanc
Pinot Gris
Petit Meslier

Question 12

Name the producer and wine made in a Solera in Champagne.

Answer 12

Jacques Selosse ‘Substance’

Question 13

What is ‘boues de ville’?

Answer 13

Sterilized trash from Paris or Reims that was used to be spread on Champagne vineyards

Question 14

What is the sugar content of ‘Demi-sec’ Champagne?

Answer 14

32-50 grams per litre

Question 15

How many grams of sugar is typically added as ‘liqueur de tirage’?

Answer 15

24 grams which creates 6 atmospheres of pressure

Question 16

What are the 4 approved training systems in Champagne?

Answer 16

Chablis

Cordon

Double Guyot

Vallée de la Marne

Question 17

What is the maximum amount of a récoltant manipulant’s production that may be from purchased grapes?

Answer 17

5%

Question 18

What is the cepage of Bollinger Vieilles Vignes Françaises ?

Answer 18

100% Pinot Noir

Question 19

What percentage of a years harvest may be sold as vintage?

Answer 19

80% maximum

Question 20

Who was the first producer to release a Brut Champagne?

Answer 20

Pommery

Question 21

What is blocage?

Answer 21

The reserve of wine stocks for use in future vintages

Question 22

What is a ‘crayeres’?

Answer 22

Excavated cellars of Champagne

Question 23

Champagne producers historically performed a process called _____, shaking bottles briskly to prevent sediment from sticking to the glass.

Answer 23

Pointage

Question 24

How many villages have Grand Cru status?

Answer 24

17

Question 25

How many villages have premier Cru status?

Answer 25

42

Question 26

Autolysis is?

Answer 26

Breakdown of dead yeast cells

Question 27

How long does secondary fermentation last?

Answer 27

Up to 8 weeks as the yeast slowly converts the additional sugar to alcohol and carbon dioxide

Question 28

In the production of Champagne, what is the measurement of the Vin de Cuvee?

Answer 28

2050ltrs

Question 29

When was Philipponnat’s ‘Clos de Goisses’ first vintage released?

Answer 29

1935

Question 30

What varietals are used to make Rose de Riceys?

Answer 30

Pinot Noir 100%

Question 31

When is transvasage permitted?

Answer 31

Bottle sizes of a Jeroboam and larger and smaller than a half bottle

Question 32

What percentage does alcohol content increase during secondary fermentation?

Answer 32

1.2 to 1.3 %

Question 33

When is jetting performed?

Answer 33

During disgorgement

Question 34

Which are the only Premier Cru villages with a 99% ranking?

Answer 34

Mareuil sur Ay in Vallee de la Marne Tauxieres in Montaigne de Reims

Question 35

Which bottle size is obsolete?

Answer 35

Rehoboam (discontinued in 1989)

Question 36

Which district is Pinot Noir prominent day in Champagne?

Answer 36

Montagne de Reims The Aube

Question 37

Dosage is?

Answer 37

Liqueur d'expedition - a liquid mixture of sugar syrup and wine

Question 38

Inaugural vintage of Krug Clos d’Ambonnay is?

Answer 38

1995

Question 39

Liqueur d'expedition is?

Answer 39

Dosage, the addition of a liquid mixture of sugar syrup and wine

Question 40

Liqueur de tirage is?

Answer 40

Additional mixture of still wine, yeasts, sugar and fining agents that will ignite the second fermentation

Question 41

List the 5 Champagne Regions North to South

Answer 41

Montagne de Reims Vallee de la Marne Côte des Blancs Cote de Sezanne Côte des Bar

Question 42

Minimum aging for NV Champagne?

Answer 42

15 months of which 12 are on the lees

Question 43

Name 2 producers who make a Champagne sourced from Les Chetillons?

Answer 43

Pierre Peters Pierre Moncuit

Question 44

Name 3 current Special Club Members

Answer 44

Paul Bara Gaston Chiquet Pierre Gimonnet Marc Hebrart

Question 45

Name 4 different atmospheric pressures?

Answer 45

Perlant - less than 2.5 atmospheres Petillant - 2.5 to 3.5 atmospheres Cremant - 3.6 atmospheres Mousseux - 3.5 - 6 atmospheres

Question 46

Name 6 methods to produce sparkling wine?

Answer 46

``` Traditional method Transfer method Tank method Russian continuous method Methode ancestrale Carbonation ```

Question 47

Name a Prestige Cuvée made from ungrafted original rootstock.

Answer 47

Bollinger Vieilles Vignes Françaises.

Question 48

Name drop-outs from Special Club.

Answer 48

Pierre Peters Larmandier-Bernier Leclerc-Briant

Question 49

Name of the Second Crop?

Answer 49

Bouvreaux

Question 50

Name some Prestige Cuvée Blanc de Blancs.

Answer 50

Dom Ruinart Salon Taittinger Comtes de Champagne Charles Heidsieck Blanc de Millenaires

Question 51

Rose de Riceys are produced in which village and region?

Answer 51

Les Riceys in the Aube

Question 52

1st vintage of Louis Roederer Cristal?

Answer 52

1876 - not commercially available until 1945

Question 53

_____ is the oldest house in Champagne.

Answer 53

Gosset

Question 54

Which regions is Chardonnay prominent?

Answer 54

Cote de Sezanne Cote des Blancs

Question 55

What is the CIVC?

Answer 55

Comite Interprofessional du Vin de Champagne

Question 56

What is saignee?

Answer 56

The wine gains its hue through extended skin contact (less common than blending)

Question 57

What is debourbage?

Answer 57

Allowing the juice to settle after pressing at a cool temperature so that the remaining solids can be removed

Question 58

What is prise de mousse?

Answer 58

Second fermentation

Question 59

What is sur latte?

Answer 59

Bottles are stored horizontally during secondary fermentation

Question 60

What is the southernmost village of Champagne?

Answer 60

Les Riceys

Question 61

What is the most southerly region of Champagne?

Answer 61

The Aube

Question 62

What was the inaugural vintage of Dom Perignon?

Answer 62

1921

Question 63

Pointage is?

Answer 63

Historic practice of briskly shaking Champagne bottles to prevent the sediment from sticking to the sides of the bottle

Question 64

Pupitre is?

Answer 64

2 large wooden planks fastened together in an upright "A" shape with 60 angled holes in each plank of wood

Question 65

Remuage is?

Answer 65

Riddling, twists and inversions of the bottle

Question 66

Sur latte is?

Answer 66

Champagne bottles are stored horizontally during secondary fermentation

Question 67

Sur pointe is?

Answer 67

Champagne bottles in the upside down position

Question 68

What are the 6 Grand Crus found in the Cote des Blancs?

Answer 68

Chouilly Oiry Cramant Avize Oger Le Mesnil sur Oger

Question 69

What are the 5 districts of Champagne?

Answer 69

``` Montagne de Reims Vallee de la Marne Cote des Blancs Cote de Sezanne Cote des Bars (the Aube) ```

Question 70

What are two methods of producing rose Champagne?

Answer 70

Saignee method Blending

Question 71

What are the 9 Grand Crus found in Montagne de Reims?

Answer 71

Sillery Puisieulx Beaumont sur Vesle Verzenay Mailly Verzy Louvois Bouzy Ambonnay

Question 72

What are the 2 Grand Crus located in Vallee de la Marne?

Answer 72

Ay Tours-sur-Marne

Question 73

Outstanding Champagne vintages of the 90s?

Answer 73

90 95 96

Question 74

Outstanding Champagne vintages from the 80s?

Answer 74

``` 81 82 85 88 89 ```

Question 75

Outstanding Champagne vintages of the 2000s?

Answer 75

02 04 08

Question 76

Outstanding Champagne vintages of the 70s?

Answer 76

``` 71 73 75 76 79 ```

Question 77

Which Champagne producer practices "en provignage" in the vineyard for one of their top parcels?

Answer 77

Bollinger ‘ Vieilles Vignes Françaises’

Question 78

What is an ‘Agraffe’?

Answer 78

Term for the small wire mesh

Question 79

At what stage during the production of Champagne is cold stabilization carried out?

Answer 79

After assemblage and before secondary fermentation occurs

Question 80

Name 5 single vineyard Champagnes and the producer and fantasy name

Answer 80

Agrapart - ‘Venus’ - 100% Chardonnay from Avize Billecart-Salmon - ‘Clos St-Hilaire’ - 100% Pinot Noir from Mareuil-sur-Ay Egly-Ouriet - ‘Les Crayeres’ - 100% Pinot Noir - Ambonnay Jacquesson - ‘Champ Cain’ - 100% Chardonnay - Avize Krug - ‘Clos du Mesnil’ - 100% Chardonnay - Le Mesnil-sur-Oger - ‘Clos d’Ambonnay’ - 100% Pinot Noir - Ambonnay Pierre Peters - ‘Cuvée Spéciale les Chetillons’ - 100% Chardonnay - Le Mesnil-sur-Oger Philipponnat - ‘Clos des Goisses’ - 70% Pinot Noir / 30% Chardonnay - Mareuil-sur-Ay

Question 81

Name 3 AOCs in Champagne.

Answer 81

Champagne Rosé des Riceys Coteaux Champenois

Question 82

The Royal Decree issued on May 25, 1728 stated what which greatly impacted Champagne?

Answer 82

It permitted wine to be transported in bottle. Before this it could only be shipped in cask.

Question 83

Name 3 producers who resist malolactic fermentation.

Answer 83

``` Lanson Gosset Gratien Bereche JL Vergnon Vilmart ``` Krug and Vilmart don’t encourage

Question 84

For the liqueur de tirage how many grams of sugar is needed to create 1 atmosphere of pressure?

Answer 84

4 grams of sugar

Question 85

For the liqueur de tirage if 12 grams of sugar is added, how many atmospheres of pressure is created?

Answer 85

3 atmospheres

Question 86

Name a producer who uses degorgement a la volée exclusively.

Answer 86

Bereche - 85,000 bts per year by hand

Question 87

What is ‘provignage’?

Answer 87

The technique involves burying the principal shoot of the vine into the ground, which then forms a new vine connected to the old one. Repeated over and over, the entire row of vines remains connected together underground

Question 88

Who owns the vineyard ‘Cote aux Enfants’?

Answer 88

Bollinger

Question 89

What is the coldest year of the decade in Champagne (2000 to 2010)

Answer 89

2008