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French Wine Scholar > Champagne > Flashcards

Champagne Flashcards

1
Q

There is a subregion around the city of reims in the north. Which is it

A

Montagne de Reims

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2
Q

There is a subreion that travels along the Marne river to the west from Epernay which is it

A

Vallee de la Marne

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3
Q

There is a subregion travelling south from Epernay which is it

A

Cote De Blancs

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4
Q

The southern Most sub region in Champagne is what

A

Cote De Bar

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5
Q

Wha Grape is the Cote Des bar famous for

A

Pinot Noir

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6
Q

What grape is the Montagne de Reims famous for

A

Meunier West of Reims
Pinot East of Reims

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7
Q

What grape is the valee de la Marne famous for

A

Meunier West of Dormans Pinot NNoir east of Dormans

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8
Q

What grape is the cote de blancs famous for

A

Chardonnay

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9
Q

What grape is the Cote de Bar famous for

A

Pinot Noir

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10
Q

What are three advancements that led to the development of champagne

A

Stronger Glass
Discovery of Yeast
Mainstream use of cork
Uniform bottle necks

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11
Q

What was once the capital of thhe champagne region

A

Troyes

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12
Q

What is a mosser?

A

A wooden whisk that was used to elimintate the bubbles of champagne in the 1600s

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13
Q

What is Cremant?

A

A wine made using the champagne method outside of champagne

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14
Q

What is mousseaux

A

A sparkling wine not of champagne method outside of champagne

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15
Q

Whats the difference between methode Champenoise and Methode Traditionelle on a label

A

Methode Traditionelle is used for wines made using this method outsde of Champagne

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16
Q

What latitude is Champagne

A

49-4.5 degrees north

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17
Q

Describe Champagnes climate

A

Continental with marked Maritime influences.

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18
Q

What are meso climates and how do they aid champagnne

A

Meso climates are unique pockets that deviate from the larger climate due to geography of a region. In champagne it is the macro climate is actually too cold for grape growing but due to the undulating hills, rivers and valleys there are sun traps etc

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19
Q

How many hours of sunshine does Champagne get a year

A

1680 - 2100 in a hot year

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20
Q

What are the main climactic threats to the vine in Champagnee

A

Frost, hail, fog, humidity

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21
Q

Why does champagne experiencee frost and disease pressure

A

Due to the contintental and maritime climate

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22
Q

How many days of frost can champagne experience

A

60-80 days a year

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23
Q

What is chalk?

A

A kind of porous limestone, sedimentary rock composed of calcium carbonate.

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24
Q

Is Chalk water retentive

A

Yes due to its porosity it can hold up to 300-400 litres of water per cubic metre

25
Q

What is the difference between Micraster Chalk and Belemnite Chalk

A

Belemnite Chalk is made up of ancestors of todays squid (arrow shaped) Micraster Chalk is made up of fossilised sea urchins.

26
Q

How do we categorise different kinds of chalk

A

by the fossils found inside

27
Q

is Belemnite or Micraster Chalk better?

A

Technically speaking they are identical but due to earth upheavals belemnite is positioned upper to mid slope which is preferred.

28
Q

What regions havee chalk soil

A

Reims, Epernay, Ay, Cote de Blancs

29
Q

What regions have Limestone Rich Marl

A

Montagne de Reims and Cote de Bar (Kimmeridgean Marl)

30
Q

What regions have Sand and Clay

A

Valee de la marne, Val de Reims,

31
Q

What is the soil type of Cote de Sezanne

A

Mix of Chalk and clay

32
Q

What does chardonnay contribute to a blend

A

High Alcohol, High acidity note of apple and citrus

33
Q

What does Pinot contribute to a blend

A

Least amount of acidity moderate alcohol, red fruit notes

34
Q

What does Meunier contribute to a blend

A

Moderate amount of acidity and low alcohol.

35
Q

Why are so few champagnes labelled organic or bio

A

Climate is hard but mainly the neggocciant model.

36
Q

What are the sought after attributes driving clonal selection

A

High acid berries that are resistent to grey rot and bortrytis.

37
Q

What is the sought after chaacters of Pinot Clones

A

Bigger berries producing more juice

38
Q

What is the sought after chaacters of Meunier Clones

A

Later bud break to avoid frost

39
Q

How has climate change imacted winemaking decision

A

Less chaptalisation, less dosage, less MLF

40
Q

Why is champagne usually blended

A

Due to the wide swings of vintage variation

41
Q

List the requirements of NV

A

12 months on Lees
3 months in cellar

42
Q

List the requirements of Vintagee

A

12 months on lees
3 years in the cellar from Tirage to release

43
Q

What is tirage

A

The initial bottling of base wines to instigate seconddary ferment

44
Q

What are the 3 AOCs of Champagne

A

Rose des Riceys
Coteaux Champenoise
Champagne

45
Q

Describe Rose des Ricey

A

Red (dark Rose) from Pinot producd in the three villages of Les Riceys in the Aube, About 60000 bot a year

46
Q

Describe Coteaux Champenois

A

Roughly the same borders as Champagne but for still wines, White Rose and Red 120000 a year

47
Q

what is remuage

A

Riddling

48
Q

What is the difference between a Jupone and a Cheville

A

A Jupone is a cork that is wider at the base so corked quite recently a Cheville is one that is condensed so corked a long time ago.

49
Q

Who were the individuals responsible for the champagne method

A

Dom Perignon (Blending)
Veuve Clicquot (Ridddling)

50
Q

Can Premier Cru wines be made with Grand Cru grapes

A

yes

51
Q

Why are special club bottliings so special

A

They are produced by membbers of the club (club tresors de champagne) and must undergo two blind tastings to rreceive the classification

52
Q

Describe Echelle des Crus

A

The classification system of Champagne. 80-89% means Village
90-99% is Premier cru 100% is grand cru. The village is ranked not the vineyards.

53
Q

How many grand cru villages are there

A

17

54
Q

WHat percentage do you need for Premier cru

A

90-99

55
Q

What percentage do you need for Grand Cru

A

100%

56
Q

What percentage do you need for Village

A

80-89%

57
Q

Does the Echelle des cru have any bearing on fruit prices

A

Not as of 2003

58
Q

Is Pinot Gris permitted in Champagne?

A

yes

French Wine Scholar (5 decks)

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