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DNR Masters Exam > Champagne > Flashcards

Champagne Flashcards

1
Q

This devastating war took place between the 14th & 15th century?

A

Hundred Years War

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2
Q

What took place in Reims between 1461-1559?

A

Coronation of French kings

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3
Q

Vin Gris first appeared in Champagne when?

A

17th century

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4
Q

Two donations from the era of Dom Perignon?

A

a) Blending, multiple vintages, multiple villages
b) Settling/clarification

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5
Q

Before Liquer de Expedition, this was used to ignite secondary fermentation?

A

Molasses

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6
Q

Two advancements the English made before the Champenois?

A

a) Coal-fired glass (stronger), cork closures (preserved CO2)

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7
Q

This house was the first in Champagne (specifically for sparkling) founded in this year?

A

a) Ruinart
b) 1729

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8
Q

The oldest house in Champagne? Year established?

A

Gosset, 1584

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9
Q

The predecessor to Taittinger? The year the house changed ownership?

A

Forest & Forneaux, 1931

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10
Q

List the year each house was founded?

a) Möet & Chandon
b) Delamotte
c) Veuve
d) Heidseick
e) Jacquesson
f) Ruinart

A

a) 1743
b) 1760
c) 1772
d) 1785
e) 1798
f) 1729

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11
Q

Champagne was permitted to ship in bottle from this year forward?

A

1728

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12
Q

The first delimiting of Champagne took place in this year?

A

1908

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13
Q

The “Echelles des Crus” was established when? When was it abolished?

A

1911, 2010

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14
Q

How many Grand Cru villages were identified when the Echelles des Crus system was implemented?

A

17

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15
Q

The four departments included in the modern Champagne region?

A

Marne, Haut Marne, Aube, Aisne

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16
Q

List the first vintage of the following site-specific Champagnes.

a) Clos des Goisses
b) Les Chetillon
c) Le Grand Sendree
d) Clos du Mesnil
e) Clos du Ambonnay
f) Les Crayeres
g) Les Ursules

A

a) 1935
b) 1971
c) 1975
d) 1979
e) 1995
f) 1989
g) 2000

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17
Q

What does “RC” mean in Champagne?

A

Recoltant Cooperateur; sells grapes to a cooperative that makes a Champagne for the grower to sell

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18
Q

What does “CM” mean in Champagne?

A

Cooperative de Manipulation; a cooperative that makes and sells Champagnes from its membership.

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19
Q

What does “ND” mean in Champagne?

A

Negociant distributor; merchant that buys bottles of finished Champagne to sell under their own label

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20
Q

When does harvest typically occur in Champagne (in the modern era)? At what ABV does physiologic ripeness occur at?

A

September, 10-11% ABV

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21
Q

What is a Coquard press?

A

Vertical basket press common in Champagne

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22
Q

What is a “Marc” in Champagne?

A

4kg worth of grapes

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23
Q

What is “Autopressurage?”

A

The first 100L of juice from a Champagne press resulting from pressure, discarded

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24
Q

What is the term for each press cycle in Champagne? Which Seire constitute the cuvée?

A

Seire, the first three

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25
Q

What is the max L of wine the first “Seire” can produce?

A

2050L

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26
Q

The “Taille” is what in Champagne?

A

Liters 2050-2550

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27
Q

What is the “Rebeche” in Champagne? What is it typically used for?

A

Anything extracted from the press beyond 2550L; distillation

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28
Q

The name for the heart of the Champagne press? Total colume?

A

Couer du Cuvee, 1800L

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29
Q

The modernized version of the Coqaurd press common in Champagne?

A

PAI; Pressoir Automatique a Plateau Incline

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30
Q

The overnight settling of wine before moving to tank for primary?

A

Debourage

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31
Q

This type of fermentation vessel has found increasing use in Champagne?

A

Concrete egg

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32
Q

This winery cultivated an organic yeast strain for organic innoculation.

A

Champagne Fleury (Aube)

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33
Q

When does blending commonly happen in Champagne?

A

April/May of the year post-harvest

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34
Q

Three places in which reserve wine can be stored? The most common?

A

a) Tank, foudre, bottle
b) Tank

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35
Q

A winery in Champagne that keeps reserve wine in bottle?

A

Bollinger

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36
Q

Name for the tiers in a Champagne solera?

A

Criaderes

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37
Q

Name three solera Champagnes?

A

Selosse Substance, JM Seleque “Solessence”, Bereche “Reflet d’Antan”

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38
Q

Cold stabilization takes place at what temperature?

A

-4deg F

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39
Q

How many grams of sugar in the Liquer di Triage equates to 1 ATM?

A

4g

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40
Q

Aging requirements for NV and vintage Champagne?

A

a) 12mos on the lees; 15mos total
b) 36mos

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41
Q

Name a Tete de Cuvee that far exceeds min aging requirements?

A

Charles Heidseick “Blanc des Millenaires”

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42
Q

Name three Champagne cuvees bottled at low ATM?

A

Anthing Cedric Bouchard, Gimmonet “Cuvee Gastronome”, Roderer Brut Vintage

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43
Q

What is a “Pupitre?”

A

Riddling board in Champagne

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44
Q

How many bottles can a gyropalette hold? How long does the riddling process take?

A

a) 504btls
b) 7-10 days

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45
Q

Desgorgement by hand in Champagne is called?

A

Degorgement a la Voilee

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46
Q

List the dosage classes in Champagne?

A

Brut Nature: 0-3g/L
Extra Brut: 0-6g/L
Brut: 0-12g/l
Extra Dry: 12-17g/l
Dry: 17-32g/l
Demi-sec: 32-50g/L
Dous: 50+g/L

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47
Q

What is “MCR?”

A

Mout Concentre de Rectife - Sterilized grape must concentrate - can replace the Liquer de Expedition

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48
Q

The term for the wire cage around a Champagne cork? The metal cap?

A

a) Muselet
b) Plaque de Muselet

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49
Q

What is “jetting” in Champagne?

A

The addition of a drop of wine/water before cork is inserted. Dispels air from blast of CO2.

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50
Q

Describe the “Maillard Reaction.”

A

Yeasts create amino acids post-secondary fermentation. The acids react with the remaining sugar to create brioche like flavors

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51
Q

Common soil type in the Aube?

A

Kimmeridgian Marl; proximity to Chablis

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52
Q

The two layers found in Champagne’s chalk

A

Belemnite (upper), Micaster (lower; fossilized Sea Urchin)

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53
Q

The era during which most Champagne chalk was formed during?

A

Campanian Era

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54
Q

The mid-slope of hills in Champagne typically consists of?

A

Belemnite chalk

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55
Q

Three permissible training methods in Champagne vineyards. Describe.

A

a) Cordon de Royat: single cordon; Pinot noir
b) Chablis: 3-5 long canes/mature chutes; Chardonnay
c) Guyot: similar to CdR w/o permanent canes

56
Q

Bud break happens first with which variety in Champagne?

A

Chardonnay, followed by Pinot noir, by Meunier

57
Q

What is “Millerandage?”

A

Poor pollination that produces small, seedless grapes

58
Q

What is “Coulure?”

A

Non-pollination producing smaller clusters

59
Q

Champagne harvest typically happens in this month? Dates are mitigated by the?

A

a) September
b) Ban de Vendage set by the Comite Champagne

60
Q

Three of the 21st century’s earliest harvests in Champagne?

A

2003, 2007, 2011

61
Q

The oldest certified organic house in Champagne?

A

Georges Laval (1971)

62
Q

The “Bordeaux Mixture” contains?

A

Copper sulfate, lime

63
Q

The largest biodynamic producer in Champagne?

A

Roederer

64
Q

The seven subregions of Champagne?

A

Cotes des Bar (Aube)
Cote des Blancs
Grand Vallee
Vallee de la Marne
Coteaux sud d’Epernay
Coteaux de Morin, Vintry, Montegeux
Montagne de Reims

65
Q

The four lesser known grapes permitted in Champagne blends?

A

Petit Messlier
Petit Arbane
Pinot Blanc
Pinot Gris

66
Q

Where is Pinot Blanc in its highest concentration in Champagne?

A

Cellers-sur-Orce (Cotes des Bar)

67
Q

Pinot Blanc is referred to as what in Champagne?

A

Fromenteau

68
Q

Where is the largest concentration of Petit Messlier in Champagne?

A

Venteuil (Montagne de Reims)

69
Q

The total number of villages in the Cote des Blancs? List those villages from N -> S.

A

a) 11
b) Chouilly, Oiry, Cuis, Cramant, Avize, Oger, Le Mesnil sur Oger, Vertus, Bergeres-les-Vertus, Villeneuve-Reneville, Voipreux

70
Q

Why might Cuis does not enjoy Grand Cru status?

A

N/NE exposure.

71
Q

In which two villages of the Cote des Blanc might you find red fruit?

A

Chouilly, Vertus

72
Q

Name the Agrapart cuvee that comes solely from Cramant?

A

l’Avizoise

73
Q

Agrapart “Mineral” is a blend of two parcels from which two villages?

A

Cramant, Avize

74
Q

Name the (6) Selosse Lieux-Dits and their corresponding villages

A

Bout du Clos (Ambonnay)
Sous le Mont (Marieul-sur-Aÿ)
La Cote Faron (Aÿ)
Les Chanterienes (Avize)
Chemins du Chalone (Cramant)
Les Carelles (Le-Msenil sur-Oger)

75
Q

When did the solera for Selosse Substance begin?

A

1986

76
Q

Name the Jacquesson cru bottling from the Cote des Blanc?

A

Champs-Cain (Avize)

77
Q

The first bottling of Salon?

A

1905

78
Q

Salon purchased their site in Le-Mesnil sur-Oger in what year?

A

1921

79
Q

The first vintage of Krug “Clos du Mesnil?” Released when?

A

a) 1979
b) 1986

80
Q

Three legendary vintages of Clos du Mesnil?

A

‘82, ‘96, ‘02

81
Q

The first vintage of “Les Chetillons?”

A

1971

82
Q

In which village would you find the following producers?

a) Doquet
b) Diebolt-Vallois
c) De Sousa
d) Larmandier-Bernier
e) Duval-Leroy

A

a) Vertus
b) Cramant
c) Avize
d) Vertus
e) Vertus

83
Q

The peak elevation of the Montagne de Reims?

A

940ft (286m)

84
Q

The south-facing Grand Crus of the MdR?

A

Bouzy, Ambonnay

85
Q

The east-facing terroirs of the MdR? Their focus?

A

Trepaille, Villers-Marmery (Chardonnay)

86
Q

The north-facing grand crus of the MdR?

A

Verzy, Verzenay

87
Q

The three most important north-facing 1er crus of the Montagne de Reims?

A

Rilly-la-Montagne, Chigny-les-Roses, Ludes

88
Q

This village in Champagne is considered the border between mountain and river wines?

A

Tours-sur-Marne

89
Q

Where would you find Tauxieres?

A

Montagne de Reims

90
Q

Two producers that bottle “Les Crayeres?”

A

Marguet, Egly-Ouriet

91
Q

The first vintage of Krug “Clos d’Ambonnay?” Released?

A

1995 (2007)

92
Q

Trepail’s most-lauded producer? Two of his cuvees?

A

a) David Leclepart
b) L’Artiste, L’Apogee, L’Aphrodisiaque

93
Q

The shining star of Villers-Marmery?

A

A. Margaine

94
Q

Geux is found where? Top producer? Specialty?

A

a) Montagne de Reims, Prevost, Meunier

95
Q

Hughes Godme & GH Mumm are found where?

A

Verzenay

96
Q

What is the Mailly Grand Cru?

A

A cooperative in Mailly-Champagne (MdR); 80 growers working 75ha

97
Q

Where is Champagne Bereche?

A

Ludes (MdR)

98
Q

Champagne Wilmart is where?

A

Rilly-la-Montagne (MdR)

99
Q

Name two top producers in the Petit Montagne?

A

Savart (Ecueil), Brochet (Villers-Aux-Nords)

100
Q

What is the prominent variety of the Petit Montagne?

A

Meunier

101
Q

Name two producers that source from Vrigny.

A

Roger Coulon, Egly-Ouriet

102
Q

Name three single cru Champagnes from Chartogne-Taillet?

A

Les Courrares, Les Barres, Les Ailees

103
Q

Where are the following producers located?

a) Paul Bara
b) Benoit Lahaye
c) Pehu-Simmonet
d) Hure-Freres

A

a) Bouzy
b) Bouzy
c) Verzenay
d) Ludes

104
Q

The Grand Vallee stretches between these two villages?

A

Bisseul (E) and Cumieres (W)

105
Q

What is the predominant variety of the Grand Vallee?

A

Pinot noir

106
Q

Clos des Goisses is found in which village? When did Philliponat purchase the site?

A

Marieul-sur-Aÿ (GV, VdlM), 1935

107
Q

Marc Hebrart is found where?

A

Marieul-sur-Ay

108
Q

Which of Billecart’s Tete de Cuvees is barrel-fermented? Cepage?

A

Clos Sainte Hilaire, Pinot noir

109
Q

The crus that contribute to Bollinger “Vielles Vigne Francais?” What is unique about both sites?

A

Chaudes Terres, Clos Saint Jacques; ungrafted

110
Q

Where does most Pinot noir in “Cristal” come from?

A

Aÿ

111
Q

Two tops producers in Dizy?

A

Gaston Chiquet, Jacquesson

112
Q

How big is the Georges Laval domaine?

A

2ha

113
Q

Name two Laval cru Champagnes.

A

Les Chenes, Les Hautes Chevres, Les Longues Violes

114
Q

Pinot Meunier approximately occupies this percentage of acreage in the VdlM?

A

70%

115
Q

What are the terms for the north and south bank of the Marne River in the VdlM?

A

a) Rive Gauche (south)
b) Rive Gauche (north)

116
Q

Where is Champagne Tarlant found?

A

Oeuilly (VdlM)

117
Q

Christophe Mignon is found where? Works primarily with?

A

Festigny (VdlM), Meunier

118
Q

Mousse Fils is found where? Works with?

A

Cuisles (VdlM), Meunier

119
Q

Henri Giruad is found where?

A

Aÿ

120
Q

The Coteaux sud d’Epernay is mostly oriented to the?

A

West

121
Q

Which variety is rarely found in the Coteaux sud d’Epernay?

A

Pinot noir

122
Q

Describe Laherte-Freres’ “Les 7.”

A

A solera-based Champagne made from all seven varities harvested and pressed together

123
Q

The top producer in Moussy? Works with?

A

Jose Michel (CsdE), Meunier

124
Q

Congy is found where in Champagne?

A

Coteaux du Morin

125
Q

How does Ulysse Colin ferment his base wines?

A

In barrel

126
Q

Name all Ulysse Colin cuvees?

A

Les Enfers, Les Perriers, Les Roises, Les Maillons, Rose de Saignee (Les Maillons)

127
Q

What is unique about the soils of Vitryat?

A

Turonian, not Campagnian, chalk

128
Q

What is Vitryat almost exclusively planted to?

A

Chardonnay

129
Q

Name a top producer of the Cote de Sezanne?

A

J Lasalle

130
Q

The shining star of Montgeux? When was most of the region planted? To what?

A

Jacques Lassaigne, 1960s, Chardonnay

131
Q

The Cotes des Bar is 85% planted to?

A

Pinot noir

132
Q

The Aube accounts for approximately what percentage of Champagne acreage?

A

25%

133
Q

The Aube is divided into these two subregions?

A

Bar-sur-Aube, Barsequonais

134
Q

The two star producers of Cellers-sur-Orce?

A

Cedric Bouchard, Pierre Gerbais

135
Q

Polisot is where? Home to?

A

Cotes des Bar, Marie Courtin

136
Q

The three villages included in Rose des Riceys?

A

Rice Haut, Rice Bas, Rice Haut Rive

137
Q

Perhaps the top producer of Rose des Ricey?

A

Olivier Horlot

DNR Masters Exam (6 decks)

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