challenges of an urbanising world Flashcards
what is urbanisation
the increase in the percentage of people living in towns and cities causing them to grow
what is a mega city
a city in which has the population of ten million or more
what are some problems caused by urbanisation
- not enough transport/overcrowded public transport
- open sewers
- increase in traffic
- poor housing quality
- lack of food and running water
- increase in crime
- air pollution
what are some push factors to drive someone out from a city
- bad education
- crime/ lack of safety
- drought
- unemployment
- crop failure
- war
what are some pull factors to drive someone into a city
- safter atmosphere
- greater wealth
- friends and family
-less risk of natural hazards
what is migration
the movement of people form one permanent home to another with the intention of staying at least a year
what is an informal economy
unofficial economy, where no records are kept of employees. no contracts or employee rights, no working hours, earn what they sell, no qualifications
what is a formal economy
legal standards, tax, workers rights to good working conditions, sick pay, holiday pay, set wage, need qualifications
what is an informal job example
- car wash
- hairdresser
- busker
- babysitter
what are the stages of a city changing over time
urbanisation - suburbanisation - counter urbanisation - de industrialisation - regeneration
explain de industrialisation
the decline of industrial activity in a region or economy
explain urbanisation
the increase in the percentage of people living in a town or city causing them to grow
explain re generation
retrieving the economy or environment of a rundown area
explain counter urbanisation
the movement of people because of employment from major cities to smaller settlement and rural areas
explain suburbanisation
the movment of people to rural areas from urban cities
what is the name of the emerging mega city you have studied
Mumbai
why did India develop
- TNC’s
- cheap labour force
- english speaking
- large population
- long coastline
- work ethic
explain the location of Mumbai including the site and situation
Located in the west, Arabian sea, state of Maharashtra. located on a peninsula. Asia
site - Mumbai is surrounded by the sea positive for trade. Negative for people moving over as they are increasing the already large population
situation - well connected with the rest of India through railways and roads - products and people can easily travel. naturally deep harbour. also boarders some parts of Europe trading oils.
what is a major problem in Mumbai and the name
slums - Dharavi
why has Mumbai’s population grown so rapidly
migration - because of peninsula easy to get into country
natural increase - more people are having babies than people are dying because of the better healthcare
what is quality of life
the degree of well being felt by an individual or group of people in a particular area.
what factors influence someone’s quality of life
- holiday pay
- job availability
- high wages
- crime levels
- education
- transport links
- affordable housing
- sewage systems
- food and water access
what is Mumbai like
- very cramped
- densely populated
- crowded public transport
- divide between rich and poor
- 70% of people work informally
what are the different inequalities in Mumbai
properties - properties between 1 billion and costing barely anything
industry - Bollywood (high wages), informal jobs, collecting rubbish ( very low wages)
education - some places have very very high literacy rates others like Dharavi is very low and sometimes none
