Challenge of Obesity Flashcards
how is the risk of type 2 diabetes calculated? 2
BMI
central adiposity
what is BMI a measure of?
whether a person is a healthy weight for their height, not an assessment of body fat
Overweight BMI?
BMI > 25
Obesity BMI?
BMI > 30
If asian, black african or middle eastern overweight BMI?
BMI > 23
Measuring central adiposity only works if BMI is below?
why?
35kg/m2
as above this wont add anything to the measure of risk.
general guidelines advise that waist to height ratio should be? why?
2:1
waist should be half of height
as this is the point at which health risks start to increase
Healthy BMI centile for children is between?
between 2nd and 91st centile
BMI that suggest overweight children?
BMI > 91st centile
BMI that suggests very overweight, clinically obese children?
BMI > 98th centile
BMI that suggests severely obese class III children
BMI > 99.6th centile
what are the 2 potential drivers of the increase in obesity rates in recent decades?
Increase in calorie intake -> eat more
Expend less energy in daily life through lower activity levels
people in which areas have a higher risk to develop overweight and obesity
more deprived areas
what contributed most to the obesity epidemic in Scotland
the overconsumption of fat and sugars in the Scottish diet
what is Weight bias
negative attitudes towards and beliefs about others because of their weight
weight bias can lead to what?
Weight stigma
what is weight stigma?
Actions against people with obesity that can cause exclusion and marginalisation and lead to inequalities
Systemic health risks of obesity 3?
Cancer
Gall bladder disease
Osteoarthritis
what affect does total carbohydrate intake have?
no effect on oral health or weight gain
High sugar intake is associated with increase in what dental condition?
caries
obesity increases the risk of what periodontal problems? 4
- Chronic periodontitis
- adverse postsurgical outcomes e.g. infection and compromised healing
- Extrinsic erosion
- Xerostomia (felling of a dry mouth) is caused by a reduction in flow of saliva
how does tooth loss affect the diet?
associated with lack of nutrition as can affect mastication and thus food choice and nutrition
define Co-morbidities?
a person has more than one disease or condition at the same time
The 3 main lifestyle factors for the prevention and management of obesity are:
- reducing intakes of energy dense foods and drinks
- Reducing sedentary time
- Increasing physical activity
