Challenge B - Introductory Logic

Question 1

reasoning

Answer 1

drawing proper conclusions from information we already have.

Question 2

Logic

Answer 2

the science and art of reasoning well.

Question 3

Law of Excluded Middle

Answer 3

Any statement is either true or false.

Question 4

Law of Identity

Answer 4

If a statement is true, then it is true.

Question 5

Law of Noncontradiction

Answer 5

A statement cannot be true and false.

Question 6

Formal logic

Answer 6

deals with the proper modes of reasoning.

Question 7

Informal logic

Answer 7

deals with operation of thinking that are indirectly related to reasoning.

Question 8

Induction

Answer 8

is reasoning with probability from examples or experience to general rule.

Question 9

Deduction

Answer 9

is reasoning with certainty from premises to conclusions.

Question 10

Term

Answer 10

a concept that is expressed precisely in one or more words.

Question 11

Definition

Answer 11

a statement that gives the meaning of a term.

Question 12

Definitions show:

Answer 12

1. relationship
2. remove ambiguity
3. reduce vagueness
4. increase vocabulary
5. can explain concepts theoretically
6. can influence attitudes

Question 13

ambiguous word

Answer 13

has more than one definition

Question 14

vague word

Answer 14

it’s extent is unclear

Question 15

lexical definition

Answer 15

shows relationships or reduces ambiguity by providing a single, established meaning for a term.