Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Immunology > Chakerian Immunology Review > Flashcards

Chakerian Immunology Review Flashcards

0
Q

TNF is produced by what types of cells?

A

Macrophages, T Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What serve as chemo-attractants of neutrophils?

A

C5a, IL-8,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What cytokine has the following effects: endothelial cells: activation(inflammation/coagulation), neutrophils activation, hypothalamus induced fever, liver synthesis of acute phase proteins, muscle fat catabolism (cachexia), many cell types induced apoptosis?

A

TNF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

IL-1 is produced by what types of cells?

A

Macrophages, endothelial cells, some epithelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What cytokine induces the following effects: endothelial cell activation and induced inflammation/coagulation, hypothalamus induced fever, liver synthesis of acute phase proteins, induced TH17 differentiation?

A

IL-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are examples of acute phase proteins?

A

C-reactive protein, mannose binding protein, complement factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

IL-12 is produced by what type of cells?

A

Dendritic cells, Macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What cytokine causes the following effects: IFN-gamma production by NK cells, NKT cells, TH1 cells and CD8+ cells, increased cytotoxic activity, and induced TH1 cell differentiation?

A

IL-12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

IFN-gamma is produced by what kinds of cells?

A

NK cells, NKT cells, TH1 cells and CD8+ cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What cytokine has the following effects: activation of macrophages, induces class II MHC expression, inhibits viral replication directly, induces IgG production

A

IFN-gamma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Type I interferons ( interferon-alpha and interferon-beta) are produced by what type of cells?

A 
IFN-alpha = dendritic cells, macrophages
IFN-beta = fibroblasts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What cytokine has the following effects: induced antiviral state in all cells, increased class I MHC expression, activation of NK cells

A

Type I IFN (IFN’s alpha and beta)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

IL-10 is produced by what types of cells?

A

Macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What cytokine causes the following effects: inhibition of IL-12 production by macrophages and dendritic cells, reduced expression of co stimulators and class II MHC molecules?

A

IL-10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

IL-6 is produced by what kinds of cells?

A

Macrophages, endothelial cells, T cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What cytokine causes the following affects: synthesis of acute phase proteins by the liver, proliferation of antibody producing cells by B cells, TH17 differentiation

A

IL-6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What cytokine has the following effects: inhibition on inflammation, differentiation into TH17 cells and Treg cells.

A

TGF-beta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What cytokines induce synthesis of acute phase proteins?

A

TNF, IL-1, IL-6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What cytokine has the following effect: increased integrin affinity, chemotaxis, activation?

A

IL-8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

IL-8 is produced by what type of cells?

A

Macrophages, endothelial cells, epithelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What cytokines cause inflammation?

A

TNF, IL-1,

21
Q

What cytokines reduce inflammation?

A

IL-10, TGF-beta

22
Q

What complement pathway is activated by IgM, IgG antibodies bound to antigen, pentraxins (functional ancestors of antibodies) bound to ligands and apoptotic cells?

A

Classical Pathway

23
Q

What complement pathway is activated by mannose binding lectin (MBL), or ficolins (group of oligomeric lectins) bound to polysaccharide?

A

Lectin Pathway

24
What complement pathway is activated by microbial cell wall polysaccharides ( LPS, teichoic acid) or viral glycoproteins?
Alternative Pathway
25
What complement pathway utilizes C1q, C1r, C1s?
Classical Pathway
26
What complement pathway utilizes MBL, Ficolins, MASPs?
Lectin Pathway
27
What complement pathway utilizes factor B, factor D and Properdin (stabilizes AP convertases)?
Alternative Pathway
28
What complement pathway incorporates the following regulator molecules: soluble regulators - C1INH, C4bp, factor I, membrane regulators - CD46 (MCP), CD55 (DAF), CD59?
Classical Pathway | Lectin Pathway
29
What complement pathway incorporates the following regulator molecules: soluble - factor H, factor I, membrane - CD55 (DAF), CD59
Alternative Pathway
30
What compliment factors serve as opsonization factors for phagocytes via their CR1, CR3, CR4, and CRIg receptors?
C3b, iC3b
31
What complement factor induce inflammation by associating with phagocytic cells, mast cells, basophils and vasculature via C3aR and C5aR receptors?
C3a, C5a
32
What specific part of the complement system acts on gram negative bacteria (thin cell wall compared to gram positive bacteria) and erythrocytes to induce cell lysis?
Membrane attack complex (MAC) - C5b-C9
33
What are the major (professional) antigen presenting cells?
Dendritic Cells, macrophages, B cells
34
What protein transports proteins from the cytosol that have been degraded by the proteosome into the ER to be presented by MHC I molecules?
TAP
35
HLA-A,B and C are associated with what molecule?
MHC Class I
36
HLA-DP, DQ and DR are associated with which molecule?
MHC class II
37
VDJ recombination for B cells occurs in what organ?
Bone Marrow
38
A T cell is TCR-, CD4-, and CD8- when it is what kind of cell?
A pro T-cell that has just migrated from the bone marrow
39
In T cell V(D)J recombinase is encoded by what?
RAG
40
What part of the TCR has the highest variability?
CDR3
41
What amounts for the bulk of TCR and BCR variability?
Junctional diversity
42
Each combination of V,D,J gene segments and combination of two different chains ( heavy and light or alpha and beta) produce an antigen receptor with a different specificity is known as what?
Combinational Diversity
43
During recombination, enzymes adding or removing nucleotides at the junctions between the V,D and the D,J gene segments increasing the amount of sequence variability at the junctions is known as what?
Junctional Diversity
44
What are some examples of vasodilators?
Nitric oxide, histamine, prostaglandins, serotonin
45
What are molecules that mediate vasopermiability?
Histamine, complement, bradykinin, leukotrienes
46
What cytokines are important for chemotaxis?
TNF-alpha, IL-1,IL-8, complement
47
What cytokines induce fever?
TNF-alpha, IL-1,IL-6, prostaglandins
48
What cytokines induce pain?
Prostaglandins and Bradykinin
49
What inflammatory mediators cause tissue damage?
ROS, NO
50
What are the cells involved in acute inflammation?
Neutrophils, macrophages
51
What are the cells involved in chronic inflammation?
Macrophages, lymphocytes

Immunology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions