Cha 4

Question 1

Ecosystem

Answer 1

An ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals, and other organisms, as well as weather and landscape, work together to form a bubble of life. Ecosystems contain biotic or living, parts, as well as abiotic factors, or nonliving parts.

Question 2

Biotic factor

Answer 2

A biotic factor is a living organism that shapes its environment. In a freshwater ecosystem, examples might include aquatic plants, fish, amphibians, and algae. Biotic and abiotic factors work together to create a unique ecosystem.

Question 3

Abiotic factor

Answer 3

An abiotic factor is a non-living part of an ecosystem that shapes its environment. In a terrestrial ecosystem, examples might include temperature, light, and water. In a marine ecosystem, abiotic factors would include salinity and ocean currents.

Question 4

Organism

Answer 4

An organism refers to a living thing that has an organized structure, can react to stimuli, reproduce, grow, adapt, and maintain homeostasis.

Question 5

Species

Answer 5

A species is often defined as a group of organisms that can reproduce naturally with one another and create fertile offspring.

Question 6

Population

Answer 6

A population is defined as a group of individuals of the same species living and interbreeding within a given area.

Question 7

Community

Answer 7

In ecology, a community is a group or association of populations of two or more different species occupying the same geographical area at the same time, also known as a biocoenosis, biotic community, biological community, ecological community, or life assemblage

Question 8

Habitat

Answer 8

A habitat is a place where an organism makes its home. A habitat meets all the environmental conditions an organism needs

Question 9

Natural selection

Answer 9

Natural selection is the process through which populations of living organisms adapt and change. … Through this process of natural selection, favorable traits are transmitted through generations.

Question 10

Evolution

Answer 10

Evolution is the process by which species adapt over time in response

Question 11

Adaptation

Answer 11

An adaptation is any heritable trait that helps an organism, such as a plant or animal, survive and reproduce in its environment.

Question 12

Artificial selection

Answer 12

Artificial selection is the identification by humans of desirable traits in plants and animals, and the steps taken to enhance and perpetuate those traits in future generations.

Question 13

Resistance

Answer 13

the sum of the environmental factors (such as drought, mineral deficiencies, and competition) that tend to restrict the biotic potential of an organism or kind of organism and impose a limit on numerical increase.

Question 14

Archaea

Answer 14

the sum of the environmental factors (such as drought, mineral deficiencies, and competition) that tend to restrict the biotic potential of an organism or kind of organism and impose a limit on numerical increase.

Question 15

Bacteria

Answer 15

Archaea are microorganisms that define the limits of life on Earth. They were originally discovered and described in extreme environments, such as hydrothermal vents and terrestrial hot springs. They were also found in a diverse range of highly saline, acidic, and anaerobic environments.

Question 16

Fungus

Answer 16

— Bacteria are microscopic, single-celled organisms that thrive in diverse environments. These organisms can live in soil,

Question 17

Protist

Answer 17

Protists are a group of loosely connected, mostly unicellular eukaryotic organisms that are not plants, animals or fungi.

Question 18

Gymnosperm

Answer 18

gymnosperm, any vascular plant that reproduces by means of an exposed seed, or ovule—unlike angiosperms, or flowering plants, whose seeds are enclosed by mature ovaries, or fruits. The seeds of many gymnosperms (literally “naked seeds”) are borne in cones and are not visible until maturity.

Question 19

Angiosperm

Answer 19

An angiosperm is a plant that produces flowers. The angiosperms, also identified as the flowering plants, belong to one of the vital groups of plants having seeds. … Moreover, around 80 percent of all known green plants living on the earth are represented by angiosperms

Question 20

Invertebrates

Answer 20

Invertebrates are animals that neither possess nor develop a vertebral column (commonly known as a backbone or spine), derived from the notochord. This includes all animals apart from the subphylum Vertebrata. … The majority of animal species are invertebrates; one estimate puts the figure at 97%.

Question 21

Vertebrate

Answer 21

Any of a large group of chordates of the subphylum Vertebrata (or Craniata), characterized by having a backbone. Vertebrates are bilaterally symmetrical