cha Flashcards
is the accepted principles of right
or wrong that govern the conduct of a
person, the members of a profession, or
the actions of an organization.
ethics
The most common ethical issues in business (Number 1)
employment practices
The most common ethical issues in business (Number 2)
human rights
The most common ethical issues in business (Number 3)
environmental regulations/pollution
The most common ethical issues in business (Number 4)
corruption
The most common ethical issues in business (Number 5)
the moral obligation of multinational companies
Accepted principles of right or wrong governing the conduct of business people
Business ethics
A course of action that does not violate a company’s business ethics
Ethical strategy
What ethical dilemma is raised from employment practices?
When work conditions in a host nations are
clearly inferior to those in a multinational’s
home nation, what standards should be
applied?
What ethical dilemmas are raised by human rights issues?
What is the responsibility of a foreign
multinational when operating in a country
where basic human rights are not respected?
Rather or not a company should operate in a country where human rights are not respected is what type of ethical issue?
Humans rights
GM while working in South Africa developed what type of ethical guidelines?
Sullivan doctrine
Countries with horrible human right issues have been avoided by business T/F
T
What Ethical Issues arise in regards to Environmental Pollution
Should a multinational feel free to pollute in a
developing nation if doing so does not violate
laws?
when a resource
held in common by all, but owned by no one, is
overused by individuals resulting in its
degradation. Whose problem is this?
It is called the Tragedy of the Commons
What ethical dilemma does corruption raise?
Is it ethical to make payments to government
officials to secure business?
In the United States, the ____________ Act outlawed the practice of paying bribes to foreign government officials in order to gain business.
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
The Convention on __________
Transactions did the same for OECD member
countries.
Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign
Public Officials in International Business
Some economists suggest that the practice of
giving bribes might be the price that must be
paid to do a
greater good
The US Foreign Corrupt Practices Act does not outlaw what?
Facilitation payments
What are facilitation payments?
Payment that speeds up normal activities such as passport or drivers’ licence giving
Studies show bribery increased/decreased costs of business
raise
Corruption was found to effect a country’s growth rate how?
negatively
is the idea that business
people should favor decisions that have both
good economic and good social consequences
Social Responsibility
What question comes with the fact that Multinational Corporations are very powerful?
Do multinationals have a responsibility
(obligation??) to give back to the societies that
enable them to grow and prosper?
A situatio in which there is no ethically acceptable solution
Ethical dilemma
An ethical dilemma involving child labor is
While child labor may be wrong, children are often sole breadwinners in families
What are the causes of (un)ethical behavior?
Personal ethics, Decision-making processes, Organization culture, Unrealistic performance expectations, Leadership, Societal culture
What are the generally accepted principles of right and wrong governing the conduct of individuals?
Personal ethics
Where do our personal ethics come from?
Parents, schools, religion, and media
What question do managers fail to ask about decision
Is it ethical?
is made up of the values
and norms that are shared among employees of
an organization.
Organization culture
This can lead to pressure to make unethical decisions to meet deadlines or cost decreasing measure
Unrealistic Performance Expectations
Who do employees in a business often look to for ethical cues?
Leaders
Ethical policies differ by
country
MNEs located in countries where individualism
and uncertainty avoidance are strong are more
likely
to emphasize ethical behavior
MNEs located in countries with high masculinity
and high power distance are
less likely to
promote ethical behavior
approaches are raised by business ethics
scholars primarily for the purpose of demonstrating
that these views offer inappropriate guidelines for
ethical decision making in a multinational
enterprise.
Straw Men philosophies
What are the philosophical approaches to business ethics?
“Straw man” arguments
Utilitarian and Kantian
Rights theories
Justice theories
What are the four Straw men Argument?
the Friedman doctrine
cultural relativism
the righteous moralist
the naïve immoralist
What is a characteristic to the straw men approaches to business ethics?
They all have inherent value but are flawed in important ways
Which strawmen says: (do what’s lawful, no more, no less)
the Friedman doctrine
Which strawmen says: (their morals are right, use theirs)
cultural relativism
Which strawmen says: (our morals are right, use ours)
the righteous moralist
Which strawmen says: (do what others are doing; it’s ok)
the naïve immoralist
Which strawman philosophy is most often seen in managers from developed countries?
The righteous moralist
Which ethics theory holds Maximize ‘goods’ over ‘bads’
in terms of outcomes/results for the most people
Utilitarian
What are the two problems with utilitarian ethics?
measuring the benefits, costs, and risks of a
course of action is difficult
the philosophy fails to consider justice
Which ethics theory teaches People are not merely
means to ends, but ends in themselves, and that people should be treated with dignity and respect?
Kantian Ethics
Which ethical theory states: Humans have basic, universal
rights, regardless of national moral systems
Rights theory
What document reflects Rights theory?
UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Focus on just distributions of
economic/social benefits (‘fair’ and ‘equitable’)
Justice Theories
What is the term (related to justice theory) that states all persons are ingorant of all personal characteristcs
Veil of Ignorance (Type of ethics these people would come up with)
What are the two basic principles of Justice theory?
People should be allowed maximum amount of basic freedom, and inequalities are allowable as long as they beenfit everyone.
How can managers ensure that ethical issues are
considered in business decisions?
favor hiring and promoting people with a sense of
personal ethics
build an organizational culture that values ethical
behavior
make sure org. leaders articulate the behavior
expected and act in ethical manner
decision making processes must require people to
consider the ethical dimension of business decisions
develop moral courage to ‘do the right thing’
