Ch_6_Functions

Question 1

Modular Programming

Answer 1

Breaking a program into a set of manageable functions for modules. Sometimes called Divide and Conquer.

Question 2

Function

Answer 2

A collection of statements that performs a specific task.

Question 3

Function Call

Answer 3

A statement that causes a function to execute.

Question 4

Function Definition

Answer 4

The statements that make up the function.

Question 5

The parts of every Function definition.

Answer 5

• Name
• Parameter List
• Body
• Return Type

Note: The Function Header includes the Return Type, Name, and Parameter List

Question 6

Void Functions

Answer 6

Functions that do not return a value.

Question 7

Function Prototype

Answer 7

Eliminates the need to place a function definition before all calls to the function.

Question 8

Arguments

Answer 8

Values sent into a function by the program.

Question 9

Parameter

Answer 9

A special variable that holds a value being passed as an argument into a function.

The parameters of a function are local variables. Their scope is limited to the body of the function.

Question 10

Value Returning Functions

Answer 10

Functions that return a value

Question 11

Local Variable

Answer 11

Variables defined inside of a function that are local to that function. They are hidden from statements in other functions, which normally cannot access them.

Not automatically initialized, as global variables are.

Question 12

Global Variable

Answer 12

Any variable defined outside of all the functions in the program, including main.

Automatically initialized to zero.

Question 13

Global Constant

Answer 13

A constant variable available to every function in the program.

Question 14

Static Local Variables

Answer 14

Are not destroyed when the function returns.

Question 15

Default Arguments

Answer 15

Are passed to parameters automatically if no argument is provided in the function call.

Notes:
- The value of a default argument must be a literal value or a named constant.
- When an argument is left out of a function call (because it has a default value), all the arguments that come after it must also be left out.
- When a function has a mixture of parameters both with and without default arguments, the parameters with default arguments must be last.

Question 16

Reference Variable

Answer 16

A variable that references the memory location of another variable. Any change made to the reference.

An ampersand must be used in the prototype and header.

The reference must be made to a variable, and not literal, constant, or expression.

Question 17

Three common instances when reference parameters are used.

Answer 17

• When data values being input in a function need to be known by the calling function.
• When a function must change existing values in the calling function.
• When a file stream object is passed to a function.

Question 18

Overload Functions

Answer 18

Functions that have the same name but different parameter lists.

Question 19

Function Signature

Answer 19

The name of the function and the data types of the function’s parameters in the proper order.

Question 20

Exit Function exit()

Answer 20

Causes a program to terminate, regardless of which function or control mechanism is executing.

The cstdlib header file is required

Question 21

EXIT_SUCCESS

Answer 21

A named constant used with the exit() function to indicate a successful program termination.

Question 22

EXIT_FAILURE

Answer 22

A named constant used with the exit() function to indicate a problem has occurred.

Question 23

Stub

Answer 23

A dummy function that is called instead of the actual function it represents. It usually displays a test message acknowledging that it was called, nothing more.

Question 24

Driver

Answer 24

A program that tests a function by simply calling it.