CH9 Flashcards
This chapter is about graphic design during Industrial Revolution, do you know when it happened?
England, 1760 to 1840
What are the major features of graphic design during this period?
- Innovations in Typography
2.The wood-type poster - A revolution in printing
- The mechanization of typography
- Photography - the new communication tool
- The application of photography to printing
In this era, there’s a rise of posters, advertising and a need for expressivness, greater visual impact, and London type founders had a huge role in this, can you name at least 3 of them?
William Caslon (and II), Thomas Cotterell, Robert Thorne, Vincent Figgins, Henry Caslon, Robert Besley
What are fat faces and who is the founder?
A major category of type design inovated by Robert Thorne. It’s a roman face whose contrast and weight have been increased by expanding the thickness of heavy strokes. ( ratio: 1:2:5 or even 1:2)
Which typeface did Vincent Figgins introduce by 1815
He introduced “antique” modern-style romans, later known as “Egyptian” typefaces. They are slab serif fonts with a bold mechanical appearance. These fonts reflected society’s fascination with ancient Egypt, especially after Napoleon’s Egyptian campaign.
What are 2 variations of Egyptian? What are the differences?
Ionic - slightly bracketed serifs + increased contrast between thicks and thins
Clarendon - condensed Egyptians with stronger contrasts and somewhat lighter serifs
Robert Besley(designer, with Thorowgood) —-> Ionic
Henry Caslon —-> Clarendon
True or false?
False, vice versa.
Who produced a laeger and more condensed version of Clarendon?
Stephenson Blake foundry
Who came up with Tuscan styles?
Vincent Figgins. Btw tuscan styles have ornamental serifs. There is also Antique Tuscan.
Which font did William Caslon IV introduce in 1816. Hint: this specimen introduced sans serif type
two line English Egyptian
In 1800s foundries started to make type that looked like 3D. Different variations were created : shading, outlines, ornamental, reversed, especially in one country though. Which one?
Germany bro
For early sans serifs different companies and people would give them different names. True or false?
True. Caslon named it Doric. Thorowgood > grotesque. Blake and Stephenson > sans surryphs. Sans Serif is name from Figgins himself, which stuck around.
What is wood type?
Hand-carved wooden types
