ch.9

Question 1

Demography

Answer 1

Demography is the statistical study of human populations. Demographers use census data, surveys, and statistical models to analyze the size, movement, and structure of populations.

Question 2

Age structure

Answer 2

The composition of a population in terms of the proportions of individuals of different ages

Question 3

Survivorship

Answer 3

the graphic representation of the number of individuals in a population that can be expected to survive to any specific age.

Question 4

Fertility rate

Answer 4

the ratio between the number of live births in a year and the whole female population of childbearing age

Question 5

Migration

Answer 5

the seasonal movement of animals from one habitat to another in search of food, better conditions, or reproductive needs.

Question 6

Life expectancy

Answer 6

is based on an estimate of the average age that members of a particular population group will be when they die.

Question 7

Demographics transition

Answer 7

long-term trend of declining birth and death rates, resulting in substantive change in the age distribution of a population.

Question 8

Infrastructure

Answer 8

the set of interconnected structural elements that provide framework supporting an entire structure of development.

Question 9

Arable land

Answer 9

is a form of agricultural land use, meaning land that can be used for growing crops

Question 10

Urbanization

Answer 10

the process by which large numbers of people become permanently concentrated in relatively small areas, forming cities.

Question 11

Least developed countries

Answer 11

low-income countries confronting severe structural impediments to sustainable development.