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PSYC 121 > Ch.8 > Flashcards

Ch.8 Flashcards

1
Q

Appraisal

A

conscious or unconscious valuations and interpretations of the emotion relevant aspects of a stimulus or event

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2
Q

Action tendencies

A

 A readiness to engage in a specific set of emotion related behaviours

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3
Q

james-lange theory

A

The theory that feelings are simply the perception of one’s own psychological responses to a stimulus

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4
Q

 emotion

A

complex psychological state that involves experimental behavioural and psychological elements

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5
Q

cognitive component of emotion

A

subjective feelings

people can experience different emotions during the same event

A highly personal subjective experience

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6
Q

Emotion physiological components

A

bodily arousal
atonomic nervous system
autonomic arousal

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7
Q

sympathetic division

A

arousing

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8
Q

parasympathetic division

A

calming

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9
Q

Behavioural components of emotion

A

nonverbal expressiveness

facial expressions

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10
Q

6 key emotions

A 
happy 
sad
anger 
suprise 
disgust 
fear
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11
Q

Two factor theory of emotion

A

The theory that a stimuli trigger a general state of physiological arousal which is then interpreted as a specific emotion

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12
Q

Emotional expression

A

an observable sign of emotional state 

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13
Q

universality Hypothesis

A

The theory that all emotional expressions mean the same thing to all people and all places at all times 

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14
Q

Facial feedback hypothesis

A

Forcing yourself to smile will eventually make you happy

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15
Q

Common sense view of emotion

A

A stimulus creates a conscious feeling which creates autonomic arousal 

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16
Q

Display rule

A

A norm for the appropriate expression of emotion

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17
Q

4 techniques for following display rules 

A
  1. intensification
  2. deintensification
  3.  masking
  4. neutralizing
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18
Q

Intensification

A

exaggerating the expression of an emotion

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19
Q

Deintensification

A

dialing back the expression of emotion

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20
Q

Masking

A

Expressing one emotion while feeling another

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21
Q

Neutralizing

A

showing no expression of what emotion you are feeling (poker face)

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22
Q

Motivation

A

The internal causes of purposeful behaviour

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23
Q

Motives

A

Needs interest wants and desires that propel people in certain directions

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24
Q

Instinct

A

The faculty of acting in such a way as to produce certain ends without foresight of the ends and without previous education in the performance

To broad and didn’t explain anything

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25
Q

Drive theories

A

Theorys explain motivation in terms of drive

cant cover the complexity of motivation

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26
Q

Drive

A

an internal state of tension that motivates us to engage in activities that should reduce the tension

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27
Q

Homeostasis 

A

Balance or stability

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28
Q

Hedonic principal

A

 People are primarily motivated to experience pleasure and avoid pain

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29
Q

Emotion regulation

A

strategies people use to influence their own emotional experience 

30
Q

Suppression

A

restraining the outward signs of an emotion

not effective 

31
Q

Affects labelling

A

putting your feelings into words

reduces intensity but doesn’t change emotion 

32
Q

Reappraisal

A

changing one’s emotional experience by changing the way one thinks about the emotion electing stimulus

extremely useful can be taught and used like a skill

33
Q

extrinsic motivation

A

To take actions that lead to a reward

34
Q

intrinsic motivation

A

to take actions that are them selves rewarding

35
Q

grit

A

guts
resilience
initiative
tenacity

never giving up on your motive intrinsic

36
Q

Biological motivations

A

Food sex sleep oxygen etc.

37
Q

Psychological motivations

A

Limitless

38
Q

Conscious motivations

A

Motivations people are aware of

39
Q

Unconscious motivations

A

Motivations people are not aware of

40
Q

Need for achievement

A

The motivation to solve worthwhile problems

can be tested with picture story telling test 

41
Q

Approach motivation

A

Motivation to experience positive outcomes

42
Q

Avoidance motivation

A

motivation to avoid experiencing negative outcomes

43
Q

Loss aversion

A

The tendency to care more about avoiding losses then about achieving equal sized Gaines

44
Q

Promotion focus

A

people who tend to think in terms of achieving gains

45
Q

Prevention focus

A

People who tend to think in terms of avoiding losses

46
Q

Terror management theory

A

The theory that people respond to the knowledge of their own mortality by developing a cultural worldview

47
Q

Hunger

A

The drive to eat

48
Q

ghrelin

A

hunger promoter that secretes from the stomach

49
Q

Leptin

A

A hormone from fat cells that reduces hunger

50
Q

palatablility

A

The better food tastes the more you eat

51
Q

Quantity of food available

A

The more you were served the more you eat

52
Q

Variety of food

A

The more options there are the more you eat

53
Q

Hypothalamus

A

The primary receiver of hunger signals in the brain 

54
Q

Lateral hypothalamus

A

When destroyed you do not feel hunger

55
Q

Ventromedial hypothalamus

A

When destroyed you never feel full

56
Q

Eating disorder

A

disorders that lead to extreme disturbances in eating habits

57
Q

Binge eating disorder

A

recurrent and uncontrolled episodes of eating a large number of calories in a short amount of time

58
Q

Bulimia nervosa

A

binge eating followed by a compensatory behaviour (fasting excessive exercising taking laxatives or vomiting the food back up)

59
Q

Anorexia nervosa

A

an intense fear of being overweight and a severe restriction of food intake (often fatal it leads people to starve to death)

60
Q

Obesity

A

having a body mass index of 30 or above

61
Q

Sensory cues

A

Characteristics of food itself that influence consumption

62
Q

evolutionary mismatch

A

Traits that were beneficial in an ancestral environment may be non-beneficial in a modern environment

63
Q

Metabolism

A

The rate at which the body uses energy

64
Q

Evolutionary theory

A

males and females adopt different mating strategies due to differences in parental investment


65
Q

Female evolutionary theory

A

girls are discriminating because they need a mate to provide for their offspring

66
Q

male evolutionary theory

A

boys are not discriminating all they need is a female with good fertility

67
Q

Sexual desire

A

Not essential for personal survival but is essential to the survival of our DNA

68
Q

Three hormones that play key roles in sexual desire

A

Dihydroepiandosterone (DHEA)

testosterone

estrogen

69
Q

Human sexual response cycle

A
  1. excitement
  2. plateau 
  3. orgasm
  4. resolution
70
Q

reasons people have sex

A

babies

attraction

emotional connection

alleviate insecurity

to get some thing you want

PSYC 121 (2 decks)

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