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PSYC 121 > Ch.8 > Flashcards

Ch.8 Flashcards

1
Q

Appraisal

A

conscious or unconscious valuations and interpretations of the emotion relevant aspects of a stimulus or event

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2
Q

Action tendencies

A

 A readiness to engage in a specific set of emotion related behaviours

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3
Q

james-lange theory

A

The theory that feelings are simply the perception of one’s own psychological responses to a stimulus

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4
Q

 emotion

A

complex psychological state that involves experimental behavioural and psychological elements

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5
Q

cognitive component of emotion

A

subjective feelings

people can experience different emotions during the same event

A highly personal subjective experience

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6
Q

Emotion physiological components

A

bodily arousal
atonomic nervous system
autonomic arousal

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7
Q

sympathetic division

A

arousing

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8
Q

parasympathetic division

A

calming

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9
Q

Behavioural components of emotion

A

nonverbal expressiveness

facial expressions

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10
Q

6 key emotions

A 
happy 
sad
anger 
suprise 
disgust 
fear
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11
Q

Two factor theory of emotion

A

The theory that a stimuli trigger a general state of physiological arousal which is then interpreted as a specific emotion

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12
Q

Emotional expression

A

an observable sign of emotional state 

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13
Q

universality Hypothesis

A

The theory that all emotional expressions mean the same thing to all people and all places at all times 

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14
Q

Facial feedback hypothesis

A

Forcing yourself to smile will eventually make you happy

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15
Q

Common sense view of emotion

A

A stimulus creates a conscious feeling which creates autonomic arousal 

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16
Q

Display rule

A

A norm for the appropriate expression of emotion

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17
Q

4 techniques for following display rules 

A
  1. intensification
  2. deintensification
  3.  masking
  4. neutralizing
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18
Q

Intensification

A

exaggerating the expression of an emotion

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19
Q

Deintensification

A

dialing back the expression of emotion

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20
Q

Masking

A

Expressing one emotion while feeling another

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21
Q

Neutralizing

A

showing no expression of what emotion you are feeling (poker face)

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22
Q

Motivation

A

The internal causes of purposeful behaviour

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23
Q

Motives

A

Needs interest wants and desires that propel people in certain directions

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24
Q

Instinct

A

The faculty of acting in such a way as to produce certain ends without foresight of the ends and without previous education in the performance

To broad and didn’t explain anything

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25
Drive theories
Theorys explain motivation in terms of drive cant cover the complexity of motivation
26
Drive
an internal state of tension that motivates us to engage in activities that should reduce the tension
27
Homeostasis 
Balance or stability
28
Hedonic principal
 People are primarily motivated to experience pleasure and avoid pain
29
Emotion regulation
strategies people use to influence their own emotional experience 
30
Suppression
restraining the outward signs of an emotion not effective 
31
Affects labelling
putting your feelings into words reduces intensity but doesn’t change emotion 
32
Reappraisal
changing one’s emotional experience by changing the way one thinks about the emotion electing stimulus extremely useful can be taught and used like a skill
33
extrinsic motivation
To take actions that lead to a reward
34
intrinsic motivation
to take actions that are them selves rewarding
35
grit
guts resilience initiative tenacity never giving up on your motive intrinsic
36
Biological motivations
Food sex sleep oxygen etc.
37
Psychological motivations
Limitless
38
Conscious motivations
Motivations people are aware of
39
Unconscious motivations
Motivations people are not aware of
40
Need for achievement
The motivation to solve worthwhile problems can be tested with picture story telling test 
41
Approach motivation
Motivation to experience positive outcomes
42
Avoidance motivation
motivation to avoid experiencing negative outcomes
43
Loss aversion
The tendency to care more about avoiding losses then about achieving equal sized Gaines
44
Promotion focus
people who tend to think in terms of achieving gains
45
Prevention focus
People who tend to think in terms of avoiding losses
46
Terror management theory
The theory that people respond to the knowledge of their own mortality by developing a cultural worldview
47
Hunger
The drive to eat
48
ghrelin
hunger promoter that secretes from the stomach
49
Leptin
A hormone from fat cells that reduces hunger
50
palatablility
The better food tastes the more you eat
51
Quantity of food available
The more you were served the more you eat
52
Variety of food
The more options there are the more you eat
53
Hypothalamus
The primary receiver of hunger signals in the brain 
54
Lateral hypothalamus
When destroyed you do not feel hunger
55
Ventromedial hypothalamus
When destroyed you never feel full
56
Eating disorder
disorders that lead to extreme disturbances in eating habits
57
Binge eating disorder
recurrent and uncontrolled episodes of eating a large number of calories in a short amount of time
58
Bulimia nervosa
binge eating followed by a compensatory behaviour (fasting excessive exercising taking laxatives or vomiting the food back up)
59
Anorexia nervosa
an intense fear of being overweight and a severe restriction of food intake (often fatal it leads people to starve to death)
60
Obesity
having a body mass index of 30 or above
61
Sensory cues
Characteristics of food itself that influence consumption
62
evolutionary mismatch
Traits that were beneficial in an ancestral environment may be non-beneficial in a modern environment
63
Metabolism
The rate at which the body uses energy
64
Evolutionary theory
males and females adopt different mating strategies due to differences in parental investment 
65
Female evolutionary theory
girls are discriminating because they need a mate to provide for their offspring
66
male evolutionary theory
boys are not discriminating all they need is a female with good fertility
67
Sexual desire
Not essential for personal survival but is essential to the survival of our DNA
68
Three hormones that play key roles in sexual desire
Dihydroepiandosterone (DHEA) testosterone estrogen
69
Human sexual response cycle
1. excitement 2. plateau  3. orgasm 4. resolution
70
reasons people have sex
babies attraction emotional connection alleviate insecurity to get some thing you want

PSYC 121 (2 decks)

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