Ch.7: Global Stratification Flashcards
Social Stratification
The division of large numbers of people into layers according to their relative property, power, and prestige
Slavery
A form of social stratification in which some people own other people
Bonded Labor
A contractual system in which someone sells his or her body (service) for a specified period of time in a arrangement very close to slavery, except that it is entered into voluntarily
Ideology
Beliefs about the way things ought to be that justify social arrangements
Caste System
A form of social stratification in which people’s statuses are lifelong conditions determined by birth
Endogamy
The practice of marrying within one’s own group
Apartheid
The government approved and enforced separation of racial-ethnic groups as was practiced in South Africa
Estate Stratification System
The stratification system of medieval Europe, consisting of three groups or states: the nobility, clergy, and commoners
Class System
A form of social stratification based primarily on income, education, and prestige of occupation
Social Mobility
Movement up or down the social class ladder
Means of Production
The tools, factories, land, and investment capital used to produce wealth
Bourgeoisie
Marx’s term for capitalists, those who own the means of production
Proletariat
Marx’s term for the exploited class, the mass of workers wh do not own the means of production
Class Consciousness
Marx’s term for awareness of a common identity based on one’s position in the means of production
False Class Consciousness
Marx’s term to refer to workers identifying with the interests of capitalists
Meritocracy
A form of social stratification in which all positions are awarded on the basis of merit
Divine Right of Kings
The idea that the king’s authority ones from God; in an interesting gender bender, also applies to queens
Colonialism
The process by which one nation takes over another nation, usually for the purpose of exploiting its labor no natural resources
World System Theory
A theory of how economic and political connections developed and now tie the world’s countries together
Globalization of Capitalism
Capitalism (investing to make profits within a rational system) becoming the globe’s dominant economic system
Culture of Poverty
The assumption that the values and behaviors of the poor make them fundamentally different from other people, that these factors are largely responsible for their poverty, and that parents perpetuate poverty across generations by passing these characteristics to their children
Neocolonialism
The economic and political dominance of the Least Industrialized Nations by the Most Industrialized Nations
Multinational Corporation
Companies that operate across national boundaries
