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NE > ch.7 > Flashcards

ch.7 Flashcards

1
Q

network

A

group of two or more computer systems linked together to exchange data and share resources

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2
Q

categories of computer network

A

1- local area network (LAN)
- use cable, radio wave, and infrared signal
- linked computer in limited geographic area
2- wide area network (WAN)
- ues long distance transmission data
- link computer system in a few mile or thousand mile
- Internet is largest in WAN
3- metropolitan area network (MAN)
- design for city
- larger than LAN, smaller than WAN
4- campus area network (CAN)
- several LAN located in various locations on college or business campus
- smaller than WAN
- use device such as router , hub , switch
5- personal area network (PAN)
- individual network own personal device
- within 32 feet
- wireless technology
6- home area network (HAN)
- wireless home network
- wire home network
- hybrid: combination between wire and wireless technology

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3
Q

communication device

A

convert data into signal to travel over medium

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4
Q

example of communication device

A

1- computer
2- modem
3- router :
- connect two or more network
- inspect source and target data package
- determine the best route to transmit data
4- switch :
- filter and forward data between node
- similar to router but work within single network
5- hub :
- join two computer in single network
- don’t manage traffic between connection
6- wireless access point
7- network interface card : expansion board or adapter that connect between computer and network

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5
Q

node

A

any device connect to network

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6
Q

logical address

A

unique name assigned to each node on network

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7
Q

physical address

A

unique numeric identify each node on network built in hardware

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8
Q

Physical address

A

Unique numeric that identifies each node on the
network built into the hardware

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9
Q

USB wireless network adapter

A

1- Plugs into a USB port
2- Usually provides an intuitive graphical user interface
(GUI) for easy configuration

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10
Q

USB dongle

A

Device inserted into a USB port that
adds additional features to the base
system
Examples: enabling network connectivity
and increasing RAM

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11
Q

Wireless PC card adapter

A

1- About the size of a credit card
2- Inserted into a slot on the side of most notebooks and
netbooks
3- Has built-in WiFi antenna that provides wireless
capability
4- LED lights that indicate whether the computer is
connected

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12
Q

Wireless access
point (WAP)

A

1- Receives and transmits
radio signals
2- Joins wireless nodes to a
wired network

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13
Q

Server

A

Computer or device with software that manages network
resources, such as files, e-mails, printers, databases

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14
Q

File server

A

1- Most common type of server
2- High-speed computer that provides program and data
files to network users
3- Contains the network operating system (NOS)
* File directories for file and resource location on the
LAN
* Automated distribution of software updates to desktop
computers on the WAN
* Internet services support
* Protection of services and data
* Access to connected hardware by authorized users

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15
Q

Network
administrator

A

1- Also called network
engineer
2- Installs, maintains,
supports computer
networks
3- Interact with users
4- Handle security
5- Troubleshoot problems

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16
Q

Advantages and Disadvantages of Networking

A

o Advantages
* Reduced hardware costs
* Application sharing
* Sharing information resources
* Data management centralization
* Connecting people
o Disadvantages
* Loss of autonomy
* Lack of privacy
* Security threats
* Loss of productivity

17
Q

Wireless LAN

A

o Connects users through radio waves instead of wires
o Use includes networks in:
* Homes
* Hospitals
* Colleges
o Secured with a radio transmission technique that
spreads signals over a seemingly random series of
frequencies.
o Effective inside range of between 125 and 300 feet

18
Q

Peer-to-Peer Networks

A

o In a peer-to-peer (P2P) network, all of the
computers on the network are equals or peers.
o there’s no file server
o Users also may choose to share entire
directories, entire disks, and even peripherals,
such as printers and scanners.
o P2P networks are easy to set up
o P2P networks are often used for home
networks or small businesses.
o Can be slow if there are too many users
o Security is not strong

19
Q

Client/Server Networks

A

o Made up of one or more file servers and clients
(any type of computer)
o Client software enables requests to be sent to
the server
o Wired or wireless connections
o Do not slow down with heavy use

20
Q

Intranet

A

o Password-protected network controlled by the
company
o Accessed only by employees

21
Q

Virtual private network

A

o A VPN operates as a private network over a
public network
o Accessible by authorized users for quick access
to corporate information
o Uses secure, encrypted connections and special
software

22
Q

LAN topologies

A

o Network topology
o Bus topology
o Star topology
o Ring topology

23
Q

network topology

A
  • Physical design of a LAN
    o Topology resolves contention—conflict that
    occurs when two or more computers on the
    network attempt to transmit at the same time
    o Contention sometimes results in collisions—
    corruption of network data caused when two
    computers transmit at the same time
24
Q

Bus topology

A
  • Practical for home or small office
  • One node transmits at a time
  • Terminators signify the end of the circuit
  • Uses contention management—technique that
    specifies what happens when a collision occurs
25
Q

Star topology

A
  • For office buildings, computer labs, and WANs
  • Easy to add users
26
Q

Ring topology

A
  • For a division of a company or one floor
  • Not in common use today
  • Node can transmit only when it has the token—
    special unit of data that travels around the ring
27
Q

LAN Protocols

A

o Protocols (standards or rules) that enable networkconnected devices to communicate with each other
o Protocols may be implemented by hardware,
software, or a combination of the two.
o All of the communications devices in a network
conform to different protocols.
o To establish communications, modems must
conform to standards called modulation
protocols
o which ensure that your modem can communicate
with another modem even if the second modem
was made by a different manufacturer

28
Q

Network Layers

A

1- user/application
2- presentation
3- session
4- transport: process to process delivery
5- network: host to host delivery
6- data link: hop to hop delivery
7- physical: Transmission of individual bits,
transmission mode, signal processing.

29
Q

LAN technologies

A

o Ethernet—most-used LAN protocol
* Ethernet star networks
o Most popular versions—use twisted-pair
wiring and switches
* Sends data in a fixed-size unit called a packet
o WiFi
* Uses radio waves to provide a wireless LAN
standard at Ethernet speeds
* Needs a central access point—could be a
wireless router
* Hot spots—public wireless access locations

30
Q

Point of presence (POP)

A

o WAN connection point used to obtain access to
the WAN
o Wired or wireless

31
Q

Backbones

A

o High-capacity WAN transmission lines
o gigaPoP (gigabits per second point of
presence)—transfers data exceeding 1 Gbps (1
billion bits per second)

32
Q
  • WAN protocols
A

o Internet protocols
o Circuit switching
o Packet switching
o Latency
o Congestion

33
Q

Internet protocols

A
  • Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
    Protocol (TCP/IP)
    oProtocols that define how the Internet works
  • Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
    oDefines how Internet-connected computers
    can exchange, control, and confirm
    messages
  • Internet Protocol (IP)
    oProvides a distinct identification to any
    computer connected to the Internet: the IP
    address or Internet address
34
Q

Circuit switching

A
  • Used by the public switched telephone network
    to send data over a physical end-to-end circuit
  • Provides a direct connection between devices
35
Q

Packet switching

A
  • Used for computer communication
  • Divides and sends outgoing messages as packets,
    which are reassembled on receipt
  • More efficient and less expensive than circuit
    switching
36
Q

Latency

A

delay introduced when a given packet is
examined by many routers

37
Q

Congestion

A

occurs when the network is overloaded,
causing some packets to be further delayed

38
Q

WAN applications

A

o E-mail, conferencing, document exchange,
remote database access
o LAN to LAN connections connect two or more
geographically separate locations
o Transaction acquisition—the instant relay of
transaction information from a point-ofpurchase sale.

39
Q
A

NE (4 decks)

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