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Biol1406 > Ch.6 Tour of the Cell > Flashcards

Ch.6 Tour of the Cell Flashcards

0
Q

The contents of the cell bounded by the plasma membrane, in eukaryotes; the portion exclusive of the nucleus

A

Cytoplasm

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1
Q

Any of several membrane-enclosed structures w/ specialized functions, suspended in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells

A

Organelles

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2
Q

The membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a selective barrier regulating the cell’s chemical composition

A

Plasma Membrane

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3
Q

The organelle of a eukaryotic cell that contains the genetic material in the form of chromosomes made up of chromatin

A

Nucleus

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4
Q

In a eukaryotic cell, the double membrane that surrounds the nucleus, perforated w/ pores that regulate traffic w/ the cytoplasm

A

Nuclear Envelope

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5
Q

A cellular structure carrying genetic material, found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells

A

Chromosome

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6
Q

The complex of DNA & proteins that make up eukaryotic chromosomes

A

Chromatin

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7
Q

A specialized structure in the nucleus, consisting of chromosomal regions containing ribosomal RNA genes along with ribosomal proteins imported from the cytoplasm

A

Nucleolus

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8
Q

A complex of RNA & protein molecules that functions as a site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm; consists of a large & small subunit

A

Ribosomes

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9
Q

A membranous sac in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell

A

Vesicles

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10
Q

An extensive membranous network in eukaryotic cells continuous w/ the outer nuclear membrane & composed of ribosome-studded (rough) & ribosome free (smooth) regions

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

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11
Q

Portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is free of ribosomes…Liver Cells

A

Smooth ER

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12
Q

The portion of endoplasmic reticulum w/ ribosomes attached…Pancreatic Cells

A

Rough ER

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13
Q

A protein w/ one or more covalently attached carbs

A

Glycoproteins

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14
Q

An organelle in eukaryotic cells consisting of stacks of flat membranous sacs that modify, store, & route products of the endoplasmic reticulum & synthesize some products, notably noncellulose carbs

A

Golgi Apparatus

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15
Q

A membrane-enclosed sac of hydrolytic enzymes found in the cytoplasm of animal cells & some protists

A

Lysosome

16
Q

A type of endocytosis in which large particulate substances or small organisms are taken up by a cell…”Cell Eating”

A

Phagocytosis

17
Q

A membrane bounded vesicle whose specialized function varies in diff kinds of cells…Tend To Store Water

A

Vacoules

18
Q

A membranous sac that helps move excess water out of certain freshwater protists

A

Contractile Vacoules

19
Q

An organelle in eukaryotic cells that serves as the site of cellular respiration; uses oxygen to break down organic molecules & synthesize ATP

A

Mitochondria

20
Q

An organelle found in plants & photosynthetic protists that absorb sunlight & uses it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide & water

A

Chloroplast

21
Q

An infolding of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion

A

Cristae

22
Q

A FLATTENED, membranous sac inside a chloroplast

A

Thylakoids

23
Q

A stack of membrane-bounded thylakoids in the chloroplasts; functions in the light reactions of photosynthesis

A

Granum/Grana

24
Q

The dense fluid w/in the chloroplast surrounding the thylakoid membrane & containing ribosomes & DNA

A

Stroma

25
Q

One of a family of closely related organelles that includes Chloroplasts, Chromoplats, & Amyloplasts

A

Plastids

26
Q

An organelle containing enzymes that transfer hydrogen atoms from various substrates to oxygen producing & then degrading Hydrogen Peroxide

A

Peroxisome

27
Q

A hollow rod composed of tubulin proteins that makes up part of the cytoskeleton in all eukaryotic cells & is found in cilia & flagella

A

Microtubules

28
Q

One hair found in sperm

A

Flagella

29
Q

A short appendage containing microtubules in eukaryotic cells…Small hairs found in the paramecium, used for movement

A

Cilia

30
Q

A cable composed of actin proteins in the cytoplasm of almost every eukaryotic cell, making part of the cytoskeleton & acting alone or w/ myosin to cause cell contraction

A

Microfilaments

31
Q

A cellular extension of amoeboid cells used in moving & feeding…False Foot

A

Pseudopodia

32
Q

A protective layer external to the plasma membrane in the cells of plants, prokaryotes, fungi, & some protists

A

Cell Wall

Biol1406 (3 decks)

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