CH.6 Somatic & Dissociative Disorders Flashcards
Neurosis
emotional disturbance > anxiety
Etiology: stress
Treatment:
Dr. Elizabeth Loftus
@ UCI
-understanding memory
Malingering
-faking for monetary gain
IE. mental health & injury)
Factitious Disorders
-secondary gain
IE. attention, making self sick
DSM:
- falsifying symptoms
- presents as ill/injured
- absent of obvious external rewards
- cant explain it by something else
Somatic Symptom Disorder
-could be related with depression?
-Is any type of anxiety is comorbid including somatic symptoms
-How does one as a partner help with these symptoms
EX. excessive time to symptoms, doesnt want to go to doctors but I would like him to but if its gastrointestinal psyche problem then is there a point of treatment?
-numbness in hand / shaking
-assurance
-i noticed that you laughed more or smiled more
real symptoms but no organic explanation
-internal stress is causing extreme pain
EX. numbness, headaches, gastrointestinal, sexual
DSM:
- 1+ somatic symptoms (physical)
- disproportional thoughts (excessive time devoted to symptoms)
Somatic Symptom:
Illness Anxiety
aka Hypocondriasis
DSM:
- preoccupation (w/o having an illness)
- high anxiety about health
- continuous, builds up, seeks assurance
Somatic Symptom:
Conversion Disorder
-symptoms are neurological
-unconscious related to symptoms
-displacement
-ability remains, still works
IE. numbness, tingling, speaking, walking
DSM:
- 1+ symptoms of altered voluntary motor or sensory function
- no findings conclusive to a medical disorder
Multiple Model : Somatic Disorder
Biological- inherited
Psychological- hyperpreoccupied paired w/ event (a disease like COVID)
Social- parents models for injury or illness, attention and escape
Sociocultural- knowledge of concepts (informed), cultural acceptance
Etiology & Treatment : Somatic Disorder
E: biology, stress, family/learned
T: limited reassurance, reflective, reinterpretation : what can you still do, stress management , behavioral management, social: reinforcement
stress > conflict > gain (primary/secondary)
IE. being bullied at school and then rewarded by getting to stay home
Dissociative Disorders
- events not the same arousal, negative emotions
- symptoms: Identity, memory, consciousness
Dissociative Disorders:
Dissociative Amnesia
aka Dissociative Trance
- most common
- Fugue state
- severe distress
- no known medical disorder
- reversible with hypnosis
- Dissociative trance: unwanted
DSM:
-inability to recall an important autobiography fact (identity or life history)
Dissociative Disorders :
Depersonalization - Derealization
similar to Panic disorder & PTSD
based in stress and anxiety
-acute but chronic overtime
DSM:
- unreality or detachment (outside observer to experience)
- objects are unreal
- not on a substance or medical condition
Dissociative Disorders:
Dissociative Identity Disorder
-most severe
-more common in women
-personality with diff groups of ppl
-child hood onset: traumatic ongoing
-HOST (primary personality) trying to keep 12 to 15 alters (inner voices)
IE: alter comes out in certain circumstances > can hurt body but not me
DSM:
- 2+ distinct personality states
- discontinuity in the sense of self and sense of agency (memory & experience)
- recurrent gaps in memory
- sig distress a& not normal part of cultural or religious practice or substance
Multipath Model : Dissociative Disorders
-empathetic therapist activating feeling
Biological: hippocampus (memories) & amygdala (emotion) reduce volume
- numbess or detachment of fear
- temporal lobe involvement
Psychological:
- hypnotizability or suggestive ( comfortable talking about them)
- inability to deal w stress
Social: -child abuse or trauma -iatrogenic therapist effects (person created: plant belief system) Sociocultural: -role enactment - gender factors
Post Traumatic Model
- High / Low capacity for self hypnosis
- Lack of environmental support
- Encapsulating traumatic experience OR possible development of childhood disorders
- Development of diff memory systems
Diathesis- Stress Model
- predisposing factors
- precipitating stress or trauma
- somatic symptoms
- maintaining factors : amplifications or complaints of illnesses or illness
Etiology & Treatment :
Diathesis -Stress
similar to PTSD
-normal to want to escape
E:
- lower hippo/amydala volume
- coping: imagination and suggestibility
- low social support
T:
- take alters and integrate/synthesize them
- coping skills = alters become less essential
- “cured”@ 25% : functioning with multiple alters
Memory Research
-patients take psychologist as doctrine
-eyewitness testimony
-memories are able to become distorted
IE. someone implanting a memory
-trying to make sense of memories
-evidence based (PTSD)
-teach ppl they that have control w low levels of exposure
Forgetting vs regression
R: reinforcement to push out of consciousness
-abuse recollection is often vague
