Ch.6-10 Deaf perspectives Flashcards
Where did formal Deaf education for many deaf children get started?
- Western Europe
- Through LSF
How much has LSF influenced other sign languages ?
More signed languages trace their roots back to LSF
Who started the worlds first public school for deaf children and when?
- Abbé De L’Epée
- 1760
Who is Ferdinand Berthier ?
- Born Deaf in France
- knee French, Latin, Greek and ASL
- FBerthier (1803-1886)
What is the bad and good news about the deaf community in France ?
It is up to the school in France to decide if they want to include deaf
Why is Sweden different from France ?
SSL is allowed in ALL schools.
FSL has restriction.
What are the general and deaf populations in Sweden?
- 9 Million total people
- 9 Thousand Deaf Sweeds.
What are the academic accomplishments for deaf Swedes ?
Parents learn SSL for their deaf children.
How is the mainstreaming concept performing for Swedish children?
Mainstreaming is Blocked in Sweden without support. All deaf are included.
Do Deaf swedes consider themselves disabled ?
No
What kind of breakthrough occurred to deaf Europeans in 1988 ?
Sign Post gave deaf minorities access to information.
What job prospects are available to the Deaf Europeans ?
Dress making
Tailoring
What does WFD stand for ?
World Federation of the Deaf
What is the WFD’s primary role ?
To defend ASL, Post Milan Conference(1880).
Where do 80% of Deaf people of the world live ?
Within “developing” countries.
Why is Andrew Foster a hero to the Deaf community in America / Africa ?
The first black that founded 13 schools for the deaf.
Web says 31
What kind of life do the Deaf live in the developing world ?
- Unemployment 3X the national average
- Drivers licenses not given to deaf
- discrimination
What is the conflict between deaf and hearing worlds?
The phrase “children w/ a disability.” (What makes a DA?)
What is the typical experience deaf adults have w/ speech therapy ?
Problems w/ pronunciation
What is the parents fear about communication success for their child ?
Their child won’t be able to interact w/ hearing.
What is the argument FOR ASL use ?
Any first language should come to the learner naturally.
What experience do the deaf have w/ their hearing family @ the dinner table ?
Children not able to understand English or make themselves understood.
What do many Deaf mainstreamed students feel about their social life in public school ?
They feel they don’t truly fit in.
What kind of transformations do Deaf students graduated from public schools experience @ Gallaudet and NTID ?
That deaf can finally see themselves as something other than a hearing impaired person.
What is the goal of IDEA (individuals w/ disabilities Act) ?
To provide free/appropriate education to every DA child.
At what age can a child w/ disability start formal Edu ?
3 y/o.
What are 2 problems w/ the IDEA law /LRE idea for a deaf child ?
- DoH put on the bottom of the placement hierarchy.
- Language Barrier for students
Define the disability dilemma
Deaf accept the DA legislation even though deaf feel they aren’t DA.
How widespread are the services and resources available for the deaf child in their first 3 years of life ?
Very few! More are offered to their parents.
How widespread are the services for deaf ages 3-6?
88% of school programs offer deaf programming.
What is the 2-word name for providing the educational service to infants and toddlers up to 3 years of age ?
Early-Intervention Program
What is the 3-word name for the educational service provided to a DA child ?
IEP Individualized ED Plan
Do most elementary and middle school teachers know ASL ?
No
When did the communication model change from oral instruction to the combined method of speech and sign ?
1960
What problems come w/ academic levels in residential schools ?
Seniors in high school will receive unequal high school level instruction to hearing.
What advantages do residential schools offer that most mainstreaming programs don’t ?
- Socialization advantages.
- Deaf Staff / Students
Why do the deaf make up only 7% of the teaching staff ?
Teacher certification is on the decline
How do most deaf feel about their self esteem after leaving a residential school ?
They feel they have a good self esteem when leaving.
What is the current estimate for enrolled deaf students to a Residential School ?
What is K’s suggestion ?
Book- 30%
K- 20% max
What caused a big residential school drop in enrollment ?
The push for mainstream / inclusion
Do most residential school students live in the dorms ?
No, 50-70% commute.
What is the most common school environment for elementary age students ?
Separate , self contained day classes on school campus.
What is the solution to a small deaf student majority ?
Collaboration w/ other school districts who also have 1-teacher per grade level.
Do mainstreaming programs make available extracurricular activities to deaf students ?
No, because of the language barrier
What is a Resource Room for deaf students ?
Individual tutoring
What is the Deaf perspective on full inclusion in a public school ?
It’s a disaster !
What kind of success do Deaf HS grads have ?
29% drop.
1/5 don’t meet the requirement.
Why are hearing parents hesitant about enrolling their deaf child into Residential schools ?
Hearing wonder if a Residential school will help their deaf child
What advantages do residential schools offer, like CSDR/F ?
Higher expectation
Better training
What educational opportunities appeared in the 1970’s-90’s ?
Interpreter Edu. Programs.
What does NRID stand for ?
National Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf
How many interpreter graduates enter the education field ?
1/3 the graduates.
Who has higher academic achievement, DOD or DOH ?
DOD
What made DOD better @ academics than HOD ?
Students were better adjusted, socialized and had better attitudes.
What does ME stand for ?
Manually Coded English
How do most DHH teachers communicate in the classroom ?
Simultaneously signing and speaking (90% of teachers)
Name some communication methods
SEE sign, FS , Seeing Essential English (SEE)
What is surprising about the academic progress for deaf in the last 125+ years?
Deaf Ed is still failing
What’s wrong with MCE ?
MCE isn’t a natural language and prohibits language formation.
Why do most Deaf arrive to school unprepared ?
Lack of language, literacy, background knowledge, etc.
How do most Deaf readers overcome the english literacy challenge ?
By indirect evidence
FS, patterns, lip reading
How often do DHH teachers interact w/ Deaf outside school ?
1/5th of Hearing teachers
What is the startling discovery regarding professional growth in Deaf Ed?
There’s no other field where the instructors learn from the student.
How are the DHH teachers comprehension skills ?
Poor since they can’t communicate w/ deaf adults/students
Why do Deaf teachers do well in the DHH classroom ?
They are able to keep the students attention
Why do principals tend to place deaf teachers w/ HS students ?
A hearing teacher is a bore to the students because the students language has improved.
How far does a deaf student progress in 4 years of HS ?
1 grade level
What does the evidence show that bilingual education can be a successful model ?
Literature development in 1 language mirrors in the other language.
Who make the best readers of English in bilingual education ?
Spanish speaking children.
If Deaf use ASL as their primary language, what will happen ?
Emotional adjustment/ self esteem improve.
What do the opponents’ views depict on whether ASL should be used in schools.
Go straight to learning English other than using ASL in schools.
What do the defenders of ASL think about not using ASL in schools ?
- “Separatism is fostered by oppression”
- Respect ASL language rights by allowing ASL in schools.
What do teachers need to make bilingual education work as designed?
To know ASL sentence structure.
Has spoken language for the last 150+ years delivered language fluency to deaf children ?
No
What 6 principles need to be acted upon for bilingual success for deaf students ?
T-MURCH
- Transfer strategy from ASL to English
- Metalinguistic awareness of English
- Using the language toward understanding
- Respect for language
- Complexity of the language Increased over time
- Heritage information in teaching
How can parents learn Asl And interact w/ deaf adults ?
By housing a deaf student from University to baby sit their child.
Why have parents not had a chance to try ASL @ Home ?
Professionals tell them otherwise.
You can’t teach an old dog new tricks.
Have research studies proved benefits for using the invented signing system ?
No benefits were found.
Why is reading a book to a child important?
Essential for reading processes and language.
“The basic goal for Bi-Bi programs is to provide them with a _________? “
Storehouse of tools to be able to function in both Deaf/ Hearing worlds.
Why can’t we afford to fail a child educationally ?
The average new job will require 13.5 years of training
What is the name of the first school that allowed free education to deaf children in London ?
London Asylum for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb.
According to the British Deaf association, approximately ________ residents claimed ____ was their first language.
- 150,000
- BSL
What % of students pass high school in S.Africa ?
28.67%
What % of the 500,000 Deaf S.Africans are unemployed ?
70%
What type of schooling is offered to deaf children in Australia ?
Day school / Residential School
Who are the best parents for deaf children ? (Debatable)
Deaf Parents
Who has a higher likely of being deaf? Males or Females ?
Males (15.9%) *
Females (10.3%)
What other options are there besides the CI for their child’s development ?
ASL
Which large organization works to support Deaf children and their families in America ?
American Society for Deaf Children
What % of parents if Deaf children do not know Sign ?
88%
Hearing professionals see local public schools as the least restrictive environment. What is the Deaf’s perspective ?
The Residential School is the best placement for the deaf students.
What is the best way to learn English for a deaf child ?
By leaning English as a 2nd language through ASL.
What other proof is there for academic success through ASL for Deaf students ?
- Teaching spoken language or invented sign systems, to Deaf, doesn’t lead to English mastery.
- BI-BI edu has a better chance of improving school achievement and English.
P______ plays a role in early deaf education
Prayer
What are some manual trades that were designed for students within the deaf classroom ?
- Farming
- Baking
- tailoring
A deaf teacher was expected to earn $——/yr ?
$500/yr.
Printers can earn —X that amount of a teacher.
3X !
The Louisiana School for the Colored Deaf and Blind closed their doors in the year ______.
1978
Lafayette school for the deaf allows education for what ages/grades ?
Infant to 6th Grade
What does CPMA stand for?
Creative Performing Media Arts
How many deaf/HH are there for students from K-12 ?
72,000
Who is considered the “Father of Total Communication”?
Roy Holcomb
What percent of students were taught without sign after the Civil War ?
80%
AGB viewer sign as a _______ Language.
Foreign
What family members did AGB have that we’re deaf ?
- Wife (Maybel)
- Mother
Deaf labeled as __________ within immigrants.
Undesirables
What are some Oralist Methods of teaching speech ?
- Vibration through touch
- use of candles w/ speech lesson.
George Veditz helped to preserve sign language through _____.
Film
When was the Arizona School for the Deaf and Blind est.?
1911
CSDR was established in what year ?
The 1950’s
Gallaudet University’s Gym had an indoor swimming pool. It’s, since then, called_____.
Ole Jim
What is the cost of a hearing aid ? Does it have side effects ?
- $3K
- No side effect
CI’s cost how much? And how much for Therapy ?
- $100K for installment
- $50K for Therapy
What do several mainstream schools still require of deaf students ?
- Hearing Aid/ CI
- lip reading
- no ASL
Where are the closest Day school/ Residential Schools to SD ?
- LA
- Oceanside
- Riverside
- Marlton
Why are Residential Schools in danger of being shut down ?
Budget cuts and pressure to place DHH in mainstream programs
What % of students enter mainstream programs ?
75%
How many deaf students enroll in college every year ?
20,000 students
