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Sign language > Ch.11-15 Deaf Perspectives > Flashcards

Ch.11-15 Deaf Perspectives Flashcards

1
Q

Who decides how most Deaf people live ?

A

The hearing population

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2
Q

What set the deaf minority apart from other language minorities ?

A

The deaf minority groups were submitted to hearing culture and agenda.

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3
Q

Where did the idea for vocational training in the US schools come from ?

A

Europe

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4
Q

what fraction of the general population are not able to work due to a disability ?

A

1/5th the US population

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5
Q

What are the 2 different goals of the hearing professionals to intervene w/ the lives of Deaf people?

A
  • Mitigate

- Eradicate

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6
Q

what fraction of colleges provide interpreters in the US ?

A

1/20th of colleges

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7
Q

Who are the top 2 employers for hiring deaf people ?

A
  • Postal

- Department of defense.

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8
Q

What is the goal of the vocational rehabilitation ?

A

To enable disabled people to be productive work members.

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9
Q

What is the name for the counselor assigned especially for to work w/ deaf clients ?

A

VR Counselors = Rehabilitation Counselors for the Deaf (RCD)

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10
Q

How many deaf students are enrolled in college ?

A

10,000 deaf students

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11
Q

Name the top 5 colleges w/ the largest DHH student populations.

A
  • Gallaudet
  • NTID
  • CSUN
  • St.Paul Tech
  • Seattle Community College
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12
Q

What do 3/4ths of deaf professionals do for work ?

A

Serve other deaf people

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13
Q

When was RID established ?

A

1964

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14
Q

When was the first interpreter training program est. ?

A

1973

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15
Q

Name the national org. for speech and Lang. therapists and audiologists.

A

(ASHA)- The American Speech Language Hearing Association

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16
Q

What do most Deaf leaders feel about speech therapy in school?

A
  • Speech therapy shouldn’t displace education

- when speech doesn’t work well for that child, it should be abandoned.

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17
Q

How successful have Deaf been w/ speech therapy ?

A

The vast majority don’t speak English intelligibly

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18
Q

What kind of hearing aids are a common model for deaf people ?

A

BTE - Behind the Ear

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19
Q

What 2 models are appealing to HH people ?

A

ITE- In The Ear

Canal Aid

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20
Q

How do we view medical science intervention ?

A

“Cruel and worse than useless experiments w/ deaf children.”

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21
Q

How did medical professionals try to cure us in the past ?

A
  • Fracture the skull
  • Puncture The Ear drum
  • Pour Liquid into the Ear
  • Sterilization
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22
Q

What kind of medical intervention is happening w/ increasing frequency ?

A

Cochlear Implant

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23
Q

Most children whom relieved cochlear implant remain _________ _________ _________ and in need of long term therapy.

A

Severely hearing impaired

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24
Q

What is the irony about the deprivation of Lang. for a hearing child and Deaf child ?

A
  • For Hearing, deprivation of language is considered Abuse.

- For a Deaf child it wouldn’t be.

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25
Q

What is the strong 2 word condemnation for closing the deaf child’s access to communication and language ?

A

Communication Violence

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26
Q

What is the ultimate goal of those who perceive deaf people as disabled ?

A

To cure/ prevent deafness (Eradication).

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27
Q

What are Hearing people perplexed about deaf peoples desires in life ?

A

To have a deaf child.

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28
Q

Name 2 measures to reduce the numbers of deaf people.

A
  • Eugenics

- Cochlear Implant

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29
Q

What was the hidden goal of the oral school for the deaf in the 19th C. ?

A

To facilitate their learning written Eng.

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30
Q

Why did AGB’s suggestion for full regulation of deaf reproduction not hold water ?

A

There was no greater likelihood that a deaf couple with both parents deaf or 1 parent Deaf will have Deaf children.

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31
Q

What happened to Deaf Germans during the third Reich under Hitler ?

A

Deaf Germans were sterilized / exterminated.

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32
Q

What did the FDA approve in 1988 ?

A

Marketing for the Nucleus-22 for adults.

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33
Q

What was the next FDA approval (1990) ?

A

Marketing for the Nucleus-22 for children 2+

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34
Q

What was the Canadian Association of the Deafs position on CI’s ?

A

“CI’s don’t restore hearing… There’s no proof that the device improves education achievement.”

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35
Q

What was the position in 1995 of the National Institutes of Health Conference on CI’s ?

A
  • Adults who became deaf after learning spoken language demonstrate increased lip reading w/ an implant.
  • Those who became deaf @ birth had no improvement.
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36
Q

What is the cost for the Nucleus-22 CI ?

A

$15,000

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37
Q

What has the scientific evidence said about the CI ?

A

The goal is to enable deaf children to communicate orally w/ research on this goal limited.

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38
Q

What happened to the children who wore a CI ?

A

75% no longer used their implant.

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39
Q

What is the WFD’s reaction to the CI ?

A

The WFD was moved to condemn experimentation on deaf children.

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40
Q

What bothers the deaf community about hearing therapists/professionals ?

A

Hearing professionals seem to be all for deaf rights, but in contrast don’t know enough to be fluent in sign.

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41
Q

Which do Hearing professionals prefer between HH/D ?

A

More value is put on HH than Deaf.

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42
Q

What is at the top of the hearing agenda for Deaf people ?

A

To REDUCE deafness through:

  • Prosthesis
  • Education
  • Training
  • Surgery
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43
Q

While expectant parents w/ DA hope for a normal baby, deaf parents hope for a ______ child.

A

Deaf child.

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44
Q

What do Deaf people want for themselves for assistance in life ?

A

Acceptance of their language w/ broader use in school, public and work place.

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45
Q

What 2 reasons are there why Deaf don’t like to be called “people w/ hearing impairment”?

A
  • Deaf see their difference as natural human variation

- The term implies deafness is incidental other than defining.

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46
Q

What are the 4 demands for respect that the Deaf request from the hearing world ?

A
  • Fundamental Human Rights
  • Sign used in schools to teach English
  • Access to Information
  • Enhancing Deaf Culture & social life
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47
Q

ASL is not passed by their Deaf parents, but from Whom ?

A

Peers/ associates

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48
Q

What are the risks for Deaf women in the Developing countries ?

A
  • Fewer Educational Op.

- Employment Discrimination

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49
Q

What is the most common place that Deaf children acquire ASL and pick up natural traits ?

A

Residential Schools

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50
Q

What is the WFD’s view on residential schools and public schools ?

A
  • The Mainstream system doesn’t offer enough Deaf-to-Deaf contact.
  • The Deaf child becomes marginalized and learning results are poor.
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51
Q

If we can’t place a deaf child into a Residential School, what is our next option ?

A

Main Stream

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52
Q

What does the law say about improving educational options for deaf children, starting in 1995?

A

Deaf children should be given respected language interpretation for their communicative needs.

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53
Q

In the NAD’s view, what is the complete opposite of Residential school placement ?

A

Full Inclusion

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54
Q

Why does NAD view that Full Inclusion is the complete opposite of residential schooling ?

A

Advocates for DA children set precedent for other specialized groups.

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55
Q

How many graduate school programs for deaf education are here in the US ?

A

40 College / University programs

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56
Q

Do most of the 40 college graduate programs offer ASL ?

A

No, most barely mention sign as a mode of communication.

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57
Q

Why are deaf people excited about the BI-BI programs in the US ?

A
  • Bilingual Ed

- Federal Aid

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58
Q

What 6 problems do the NAD cite regarding Interpreting programs and Interpreters ?

A
  • Uncertified Int. hired
  • Shortage
  • Cost
  • Benefits to Interpreters suck
  • Program not practical enough
  • no consumer complaint procedure works
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59
Q

What is the concept “Of, By and For the Deaf” ?

A

Org. Staffed by Deaf people, for Deaf people.

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60
Q

What is on the top of the Deaf agenda ?

A

To head their child to education for acquiring language.

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61
Q

How many colleges offer ASL ?

A

More than 1 Thousand !

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62
Q

What is the Goal of Deaf studies ?

A

To better understand the lives of Deaf people to improve their lot.

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63
Q

Hearing professionals, working with deaf clients, can’t do their job effectively if they ____________ .

A

Are ignorant of the language/Culture of the people they profess to serve.

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64
Q

Perhaps the greatest hope for avoiding damaging conflict is our _________ _________ for human differences.

A

Mutual Respect

65
Q

What is the best solution the book authors propose for Deaf Children ?

A

-Alliances between Hearing/Deaf lie in the creation of the BI-BI education for deaf children. This allows both cultures to receive respect.

66
Q

Who invented the TTY?

A

Robert Weitbrecht

67
Q

How were many Latinx Deaf Identified formally as in Education, beginning 1972 ?

A

Educable Mentally Retarded

68
Q

Black Deaf were prohibited from joining NAD in what year ?

A

1968

69
Q

What are the 4 barriers that Black Deaf face in college ?

A
  • Socioeconomic Status
  • Lack of Edu./Finances
  • Accessibility
  • Low expectation
70
Q

Why is silence so powerful w/ Asian American Deaf ?

A

Silence represents the power of speech in ASL as well as caring/ respectful action.

71
Q

Where/How is Native American Sign Language used ?

A

Used in the West US for settlers and tribes.

72
Q

(T/F): Some transmitters can have duel purpose ?

A

(T) hence the name DUEL TRANSMITTER !!

73
Q

Sherman Indian HS, in Riverside, helped to convert __________ Culture into __________ Culture beginning 1897.

A

Indian Culture into Hearing Culture

74
Q

Hearing families often denied their deaf children , what ?

A

Job knowledge
Skills
Connections

75
Q

Employment became a pressing issue for deaf, and their organizations made them , what?

A

Competent and Reliable employees.

76
Q

In 1890, The civil service commission maintained a lengthy list of conditions that Disqualified some DA including, what ?

A

Blindness
Paralysis
Epilepsy
Loss of limbs

77
Q

Fall of 1906, what did the civil service commission add to the list of conditions ?

A

Total deafness

Loss of speech

78
Q

George Veditz was president of NAD from when to when ?

A

1904-1910

79
Q

What did George Veditz advocate for ?

A

Deaf employment and language access.

80
Q

George Veditz did what to warn deaf about the decline of deaf employment through the Fed Gov.?

A

Submitted articles

81
Q

When Deaf leaders turned to lobby for the presidential candidates, in 1908, which president sided w/ them ?

A

William Taft

82
Q

Veditz saw that 1908 president ____________ was their best bet in rescinding the old ruling on deaf qualifications.

A

William Taft

83
Q

Most Hearing were naturally told to think that _____ _________ was best for their child. Leaving Deaf helpless.

A

Oral Communication

84
Q

Serious car accidents ____________ w/ the number of cars in the early 20th C.

A

Increased

85
Q

Deafness became an issue w/ the distribution of licenses as well as the deaf use of , what 3 things ?

A

Phone
Radio
Movie theatre

86
Q

Deaf were seen as “…” after the statistics from a Philadelphia Report in 1929.

A

not a driving hazard

87
Q

What world wars offered jobs for deaf people while the original workers were deployed ?

A

Both WWI and WWII

88
Q

Which BIG car companies recruited Deaf people during the war in Akron, Ohio ?

A

Firestone and Goodyear

89
Q

What advantages did the Akron, Ohio Deaf have that we’re all in sign ?

A 
Churches 
Films/Theatre 
Lectures
Dances 
Literary clubs
90
Q

Which School Alumni worked @ the Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co.?

A

Kentucky School for the Deaf

91
Q

Deaf participated in rallies for THIS in support of the war. Scrap metal was also saved for the war benefit.

A

Industrial work

92
Q

During the war, this changed as most Hearing, male instructors were enlisted.

A

Education

93
Q

Although many deaf lost their jobs due to the original workers coming back from war, hearing began to challenge the prejudice of _______ _________.

A

Deaf workers

94
Q

Deaf started to establish THIS for community life as big as full buildings.

A

Deaf clubs

95
Q

Deaf clubs helped to site social events like , what 4 things ?

A

Athletic events
Picnics
Debates
Group outings

96
Q

This association helped to start break the limited membership on race.

A

NAD

97
Q

Many Deaf Club members saw themselves as THIS.

A

Ex-oral

98
Q

Which 3 jobs were most sought out for deaf people from NAD’s help ?

A

Printing
Ship building
Tire building

99
Q

Deaf communities across the country recognized the need to provide THIS for their members.

A

Retirement homes

100
Q

Elderly deaf had no meaningful communication w/ _______ Or _________.

A

Staff or Residents

101
Q

_________ actors played the role of deaf people. The hearing perspective of deaf people was placed on those actors.

A

Hearing

102
Q

While most deaf were suppressed by the view of THIS , most Hearing adopted the idea.

A

Something missing

103
Q

What was the name of William Stokoe’s hitting research on language in 1960 ?

A

ASL Structure: An outline of the visual communication systems of the American Deaf

104
Q

How long was the projected time before Stokoe’s work was widely recognized and some misunderstandings about ASL reversed ?

A

Decades !

105
Q

“Many Deaf were upset when Stokoe suggested sign a language.”

  • ???
A

Tom Humphries

106
Q

“The ______ _________ ___________ realized that signing was an important theme.”

-???

A
  • Deaf education community

- Jaime Tucker

107
Q

Some of the credit for the general public’s acceptance of ASL can be attributed to THIS .

A

the National Theater of the Deaf

108
Q

“Many of us were embarrassed to sign. [We would keep it secret].
-???

A

Rosalyn L. Gannon

109
Q

When was Children if a lesser god premiered on Broadway and Film ?

A

BW-(1980)

Film-(1986)

110
Q

Schools in the south were segregated by ________ and ________ on campus.

A

Race and ability

111
Q

What Supreme Justice case helped to desegregate these schools, until 1978?

A

Brown v Board of Education

112
Q

For deaf children, desegregation meant sharing ________ and ______ rooms.

A

Classes and Dorm rooms

113
Q

Deaf had problems w/ contacting THIS because of the telephone.

A

Emergency services

114
Q

Robert Weitbrecht invents TTY in _____ w/ help from what 2 people?

A
  • 1964

- James Marsters and Andrew Saks

115
Q

By the mid-1980’s, what was in widespread use in the homes of deaf people and in many businesses and government agencies ?

A

TTY’s

116
Q

In 1990, the passage of THIS ensured universal relay access.

A

ADA

117
Q

What services are wide range for peoples use ?

A

Fax
Email
VRS

118
Q

The number of deaf students rose because of what disease that affects the baby within the 3rd trimester of the mothers pregnancy ?

A

Rubella

119
Q

In 1975, what law passed for the education of handicapped children ?

A

Public Law 94-I42

120
Q

When did Lyndon B. Johnson sign the NTID Act ?

A

June 8, 1965

121
Q

In the 1950’s, the experimental surgery for what was performed on adults in France ?

A

CI surgery

122
Q

What year was the first CI used for children in France ?

A

1977

123
Q

How was the CI viewed by the Deaf community ?

A

As a rejection of Deaf culture and self value

124
Q

NAD recognizes that WHO are misinformed about deaf heritage and values ?

A

Hearing Parents of Deaf children

125
Q

NAD developed a new position on the support of the whole child and of THIS .

A

Language and Literacy

126
Q

What year was DPN ?

A

1988

127
Q

What 4 student leaders emerged from the support of DPN ?

A

B.Bourne
J.Covell
G.Hlibok
Tim Rarus

128
Q

What were the 4 demands for DPN ?

A
  • A deaf president in replacement for Zinzer
  • Spilman’s resignation
  • for 51% of the board to be deaf
  • No reprisals/suspensions for anyone in the protest
129
Q

DPN was more than a simple protest. It would have THIS far beyond Wash. DC.

A

Ramifications

130
Q

What helped DPN come through ?

A

Help from staff and students. As well as the DPN Assoc.

131
Q

DPN’s goals were timely, persuasive and THIS

A

Clearly defined.

132
Q

“This is the Emancipation Proclamation for disabled Americans.”

  • ??? (Iowa Senator)
A

Senator Tom Harkin

133
Q

ADA was signed by , who ?

A

George HW Bush in 1990

134
Q

“NAD working w/ DA advocacy organizations was instrumental in pushing for the passage of ADA in 1990.”

-??? (NAD Exec.)

A

Nancy J. Bloch

135
Q

In 1990, Dr. I King Jourdan spoke on the steps of WHERE in support of the ADA ruling ?

A

The US Capital building in Wash. DC

136
Q

A law passed that required all TV screens have THIS, 13inches or wider. This also decreased the number of deaf club attendance.

A

Closed Captioning

137
Q

“Instant captions are great but they take away from the fellowship.”

A

Jack R. Gannon

138
Q

“There will always be deafness and a need for Deaf to understand Deaf.”

-???

A

I king Jourdan

139
Q

In 1989, Gallaudet hosted an International festival called what ?

A

“The Deaf Way”

140
Q

How many people were in attendance for the Festival “The Deaf way”?

A

5 Thousand People

141
Q

When did NAD launch their film project for The Deaf Way ?

A

1910

142
Q

The Video Relay Service (VRS) Co. Wyntell what used when?

A

The early 90’s

143
Q

TRS pays how much a minute ?

A

45¢ / min

144
Q

VCO stands for what ?

A

Voice Carry Over

145
Q

What are the 5 programs in the DCS family services Department ?

A
  • Hand in Hand
  • E5 after school program
  • Deaf youth Literary Camp
  • Early Intervention Deaf Monitor Group
  • Family ASL classes
146
Q

What are the 2 newer services in the Interpreting Department that DCS is offering ?

A

CC

Video Remote Interpreting (VRI)

147
Q

What year was GLAD established and for what purpose ?

A

EST. 1969 to ensure equal access to D/HH.

148
Q

What Federal Act governs the Department of Rehab (DOR) ?

A

The Rehabilitation Act If 1973

149
Q

What does IPE stand for and who does it benefit ?

A

The Individualized Plan for Employment benefits Individuals w/ DA in holding a job

150
Q

An ASL bill passed in CA Legislator in what year?

A

1988

151
Q

How many students were enrolled into ASL classes in 1990?

A

18 students

152
Q

How many students were enrolled into ASL classes in 2002 ?

A

60,781 students

153
Q

What was the total number of students that accept asl as a 2nd language ?

A

146

154
Q

Asl is the _____ between French and Spanish for language enrollment other than English.

A

3rd

155
Q

ASL enrollment for a 2016 study showed ________ students were enrolled into ASL classes in the entire US.

A

107,060 students

156
Q

What are the 3 sign languages that are shared in the US ?

A
  • ASL
  • MVSL
  • Hawaiian Sign (HSL)
157
Q

Who was the first full time ASL teacher for adults in Mesa College ? (1979)

A

Dr. David McKee

158
Q

What is the current challenge in ASL teaching ?

A

The difficulty of keeping up with the supply and demand for ASL teachers in HS locally and nationally.

Sign language (10 decks)

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