Ch.5 - Equal Rights: Struggling towards Fairness Flashcards
The Fifteenth Amendment gave African-Americans the vote in 1870 by law, but not so much in practice
….Would this be described as:
De Jure
A de jure law is legally on the books, but not necessarily enforced
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 gave African-Americans the vote in 1965 by law and also in practice
….Was the Voting Rights Act…
De facto
A de facto law is legally on the books, and is also (in fact) enforced
“Equal Protection under the Law” and “Equal Access” to society’s opportunities & public facilities would be the concern of:
Civil Rights
By Law (but not so much by practice), the Fourteenth Amendment in 1868 African-Americans the right to citizenship and protection against the states ....Would this be....
De Jure
A de jure law is legally on the books, but not necessarily enforced
Which Supreme Court decision is best known as “The Separate but Equal” Decision?
Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896
The 14th Amendment prohibits discrimination by:
By the State Government
The 14th Amendment (1868) guarantees equal rights to:
all male citizens
Brown v Board of Education reversed which previous decision?
Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896
The incident at Central High School in Little Rock Arkansas (1957) was due to the enforcement of which Supreme Court decision?
Brown v. Board of Education, 1954
Suspect Classification Laws:
Treat people differently base on “race or ethnicity”.
“Strict Scrutiny Test” for a law:
Need a compelling basis for it to exist.
“Reasonable-Basis Test” for law:
Must show that the law is reasonable.
Which one of the following Supreme Court Decisions best fits a “Strict Scrutiny Test”:
Loving v. Virginia, 1967
By Law and practice, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 gave African-Americans the right to citizenship and protection against the states.
. . . Question: Would this be:
De facto
A de facto law is legally on the books, and is also (in fact) enforced
Restaurant owner Lester Maddox, in 1966, protested the Civil Rights Act of 1964 by standing outside his restaurant with a gun to chase away African-Americans.
. . . . . My Question: What happened to Lester Maddox after such a racist display?
He was elected Governor of Georgia
The 1968 Civil Rights Bill concerned ???
Fair Housing
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 banned discrimination by:
By both the Government & Private Parties
The decision in the Supreme Court Case of “University of California v. Allen Bakke” was:
a defeat for Affirmative Action advocates
Martin Luther King launched his Civil Rights career in 1955 with:
Rosa Parks Incident
The purpose of the “March on Washington” (1963) was to:
Support the Civil Rights Movement
Title IX:
Prohibits sex discrimination in education
Who was the “first woman” to be appointed to the United States Supreme Court?
Sandra Day O’Connor
Who was the “first Hispanic woman” to be appointed to the United States Supreme Court?
Sonia Sotomayor
Who was the first woman to be elected “Speaker of the House of Representatives”?
Nancy Pelosi
Who was the first woman to run on a major party ticket for “the office of Vice President”?
Geraldine Ferraro
Who was the first woman to run on a major party ticket for the “office of president”?
Hillary Clinton
Which Country “ranks #1” (at 47%)
Sweden
Which country “comes in low” with only (24%)
US
Which country “comes in super low” with a scant (10%)
Japan
Which ethnic group was “not politically active” during the tumultuous 1960’s?
Asian
This Supreme Court Case held that bans on “Same-Sex Marriage” violated the “Equal Protection clause” of the “14th Amendment”
Obergefell v. Hodges
