Ch5: Chemical Bonding

Question 1

Compound

Answer 1

Substance that is made up of two or more different elements combined together chemically

Question 2

Octet Rule

Answer 2

When bonding occurs, atoms tend to reach an electron arrangement with eight electrons in the outermost energy level

Question 3

Ion

Answer 3

Charged atom or group of atoms

Question 4

Ionic bonds

Answer 4

The force of attraction between oppositely charged ions in a compound. Ionic bonds are always formed by the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another

Question 5

Transition metal

Answer 5

One that forms at least one ion with a partially filled d-sublevel

Question 6

Molecule

Answer 6

Group of atoms joined together.
The smallest particle of an element or compound that can exist independently

Question 7

Valency

Answer 7

Defined as the number of atoms in hydrogen or any other monovalent element with which each atom of the element combines

Question 8

Sigma bond

Answer 8

Formed by the head-on overlap of two orbitals

Question 9

Pi- bond

Answer 9

Formed by the sideways overlap of p-orbitals

Question 10

Name the compounds with group ions with their formulas with ONE NEGATIVE CHARGE

Answer 10

-Hydroxide ion: OH⁻
-Nitrate ion: NO₃⁻
-Hydrogencarbonate ion: HCO₃⁻
-Permanganate ion: Mn0₄⁻

HNHP
Horrid Negative Henry Please

Question 11

Name the compounds with group ions with their formulas with TWO NEGATIVE CHARGES

Answer 11

Carbonate ion: CO₃²⁻
Chromate ion: CrO₄²⁻
Dichromate ion: Cr₂0₇²⁻

Sulfate ion: SO₄²⁻
Sulfite ion: SO₃²⁻
Thiosulfate ion: S₂O₃²⁻

CCD SST

Question 12

Name the compound with group ions with their formula with THREE NEGATIVE CHARGES

Answer 12

Phosphate ion: PO₄³⁻

Question 13

Name the compound with group ions with their formula with ONE POSITIVE CHARGE

Answer 13

Ammonium ion: NH₄⁺

Question 14

Electronegativity

Answer 14

The relative attraction that an atom in a molecule has for the shared pair of electrons in a covalent bond

Question 15

Polar covalent bond

Answer 15

A bond in which there is unequal sharing of the pair(s) of electrons.
Causes one end of the bond to be slightly positive and the other end to be slightly negative

Question 16

electronegativity of
ionic bonding
covalent bonding
polar covalent
non polar

Answer 16

ionic- over 1.7
covalent- less than or equal to 1.7
polar covalent- greater than 0.4, less than 1.7
non polar- less than 0.4q

Question 17

Intramolecular bonding

Answer 17

Bonding that takes place within a molecule
e.g. covalent and polar covalent

Question 18

Intermolecular bonding

Answer 18

the forces of attraction that exist between molecules
e.g. van der waals

Question 19

Van der Waals forces

Answer 19

Weak attractive forces between molecules resulting from the formation of temporary dipoles.
only forces of attraction between non polar molecules

Question 20

Dipole-dipole forces

Answer 20

Forces of attraction between the negative pole of one polar molecule and the positive pole of another polar molecule