Ch5 Flashcards
Building analysis during any incident should be ______that is , performed on a regular basis as conditions change and time elapses
Cyclic
Only upon arrival and size up is a fire classified as _______.
Structural
Unfinished wood that is being rapidly heated emits a _________smoke. A collapse warning sign in light weight wood construction.
Brownish
Indications that an occupant is a hoarder should always evoke a concern of ______.
Overloading
______ are nothing more than “fake beams”.
Trusses
Historical weak links: (9)
- Connections
- Overloading
- Occupancy conversion
- Trusses
- Void spaces
- Stairs
- Large, open span interiors
- Parapet walls
- Facades
Time truisms for predicting collapse:
Gravity and time are constant, ______ is not.
Resistance
Time truisms for predicting collapse:
The time opportunity window for interior operations in light weight buildings has been _________.
Reduced.
Time truisms for predicting collapse:
Brown or dark smoke coming from light weight engineered wood products mean that _________.
Time is up.
Time truisms for predicting collapse:
The _____ the structural elements, the faster the structure comes down.
Lighter
Time truisms for predicting collapse:
The heavier the _______, the faster the building comes down.
Imposed load
Time truisms for predicting collapse:
__________ steel buys time.
Wet(cooled)
Time truisms for predicting collapse:
There is no safe window for interior operations when a building is under construction, being renovated, or being disassembled. This is a _____situation and you should always establish a _______.
“No go”
Defensive attack
Areas that are exposed to trauma, debris, and / or thrust should a building or part of a building collapse.
Collapse zone
To predict collapse, the ISO uses a classic_____method. We can take that three-part method and apply at using a five step process:
•Step 1-classify construction using type/era/use/size approach
•Step 2- determine structural involvement (read smoke and flames)
•Step 3- visualize and trace loads.
•Step 4- evaluate time
•Step 5- predict and communicate collapse potential (foundation for zoning)
“Identify-analyze-decide” method
Using the type-Era-use-size approach helps the ISO identified the__and__associated with a given building and interpret how the materials and arrange a structural elements might be impacted by fire and heat
Strengths and weakness
_________ means that the loadbearing components of the building are being attacked by fire or heat
Structure fire
“Identify - analyze-decide”
Five step process:
This step is more art than a science-and is analytical
Step three: visualizing and tracing loads
Identify analyze decide:
Five step process:
This step helps the iso defined the week wink, which typically precipitate the collapse. The ISO “mentally undresses” a building
Step three: visualizing and tracing loads
Historical weak links:
Connections-structural failure is often the result of a_____.
Connection failure
This report should be mandatory reading for ISOs
Structural collapse: the hidden dangers of residential fires
UL University posted this online training program
Many factors dictate the time it takes to trigger a collapse, and we should always predict the___of trusses and engineered light weight wood assemblies to ensure cruiser safely outside structure before the collapse occurs
Early collapse
Step five: predicting and communicating the collapse potential
Predicting collapse is the___part of the identify-analyze-decide model
“Decide”
Can be defined as temporary shoring, racing, or formwork used to support incomplete structural elements during building construction
False work
Diagonal braces that serve primarily as a column but must absorb some beam force as well
Raker
*also used as false work
When flanking a collapsible, firefighter should you spotters and have rapid___and routes preestablished and communicated prior to the approach
Withdraw signals
The building can except the failure of a single component and still retain some strength, like a curtain wall collapsed
Partial collapse
The complete failure of the building to resist gravity
General collapse
The collapse of a floor roof may impose wait on interior partition walls that were not designed for the load. These become a____, meaning that the slightest movement could cause an explosive release and secondary collapse
“Loaded gun”
A directive for cruise to exit the building interior or roof in an orderly manner, bringing hoses and tools along
Precautionary withdrawal
