Ch 2 Flashcards
To become an ISO who can make a difference, fire officers must build a foundation of blank, and that means theory.
Understanding
Uncommon sense can be described as the ability of the ISO to ask and ponder two questions:
What is the worst that can happen here?
What is the probability of that happening?
operational safety triad
Creating a safe operational environment is dependent on three components (the triad):
Procedures, equipment, and personnel.
A blank is defined in writing and can take on many forms: SOP’s, SOG’s, departmental directives, temporary memorandums, and the like.
Formal process
No matter what the source, the key component is that formal processes and evolutions are blank.
In writing
Many departments around the country have adopted SOG’s in lieu of SOP’s, reasoning that a guideline is more blank and, more usable by blank and blank.
Flexible
Line officers and IC
Blank are strict directives that must be followed with little or no flexibility.
Procedures
Blank are adaptable templates that allow flexibility in application.
Guidelines
Is a process or operation that is part of a departments routine but that it is not written.
Informal process
Blank are typically learned through new member training, on the job training, and day to day routine.
Informal processes
The first step in developing a formal SOP is establishing a ____________ to create, edit, alter, or delete established process it. Once the process is in place, a general format for SOP appearance and indexing is necessary.
Administrative process
Once _______the writing of SOP’s can begin. It makes sense to write the most important ones FIRST.
Topics have been defined
First
Two ways to determine which topics are most important for writing SOP’s.
Needs assessment
Look at external influences
Flag the areas in which line firefighters and officers need guidance.
Need assessment
OSHA regulations, insurance services office rating schedules, NFPA standards, and other requirements, and determine which areas affect the department most by not having a related SOP.
Look at external influences
A well written SOP is determined if blank?
Firefighters follow it
The ISOs role in procedures deals with blank and blank.
Application and review
A practical application of SOPs puts the ISO in the blank to suggest changes to SOPs or even help create new ones for the department.
Best place
The ISO who witnesses a failure to follow SOP’s during an incident should make a notation and bring up the infraction during blank or the next scheduled blank.
Post incident analysis or the next scheduled safety committee meeting.
It is arguably the least important factor in the operational safety Triad.
Equipment
Residential carpet monoxide detectors are designed to activate with as little as blank of carbon monoxide present in the air.
20 ppm
OSHA regulations. Known as the blank, these regulations often outlined the equipment require for a given process to be accomplished.
Code of federal regulations
CFR
OSHA reform is constantly being debated at the blank level.
Federal
The vast majority of fire service equipment is tailored to meet or exceed blank. These consensus standards are designed to offer a minimum acceptable standard for equipment design, application, and maintenance.
NFPA standards
Seven items suggested when writing equipment guidelines:
- Selection
- Use
- Cleaning and decontamination
- Storage
- Inspection
- Repairs
- Criteria for retirement
Sally Used Clean Shells In Race Cars
Equipment designed to improve safety can actually lead to greater blank.
Risk taking
A value given to the protective (insulative) quality of structural firefighting PPE and equipment.
Quite scientific, in simple terms it is a measurement given to the durability of equipment when exposed to a flash fire event.
Thermal protective performance rating
TPP
It is more difficult to address the blank component of the safety triad because of the blank and blank involved.
People
Opinions and Emotions
Three factors that must be addressed as part of the personnel leg of the safety triad:
Training, health, and attitude.
A successful safety program usually works in tandem with a successful blank.
Training program
In the process of learning and applying knowledge and skills.
Deals with “how” to do something.
Training
The process of developing one’s analytical ability using principles, concepts, and values.
The understanding of “why” you do something.
Education
In many ways, it is blank that helps to shape an individual’s values and attitudes.
Safety education
Of all the people factors affecting safety, Blank is the hardest to address.
Attitude
The departments safety culture is made up of the blank, blank, and blank that are passed from one generation to another.
Ideas, skills, and customs
Many factors affect the attitude of an individual, and attitudes are dynamic. Of the many factors affecting safety attitude, the following few are especially prevalent in the fire service:
Safety culture
Death and injury hx
Example set by chiefs, officers and vets
The chance of damage, injury, or loss.
Risk
Process of minimizing the chance, degree, or probability of damage, injury, or loss.
Risk Management
Risk Managers in most industries use a five step process called blank.
Classic Risk Management
Step one of the five-step classic risk management process.
RLT 16
Hazard Identification
Blank is the primary function of an ISO.
Identifying hazards
Previous blank and blank help the ISO spot current and evolving hazards.
Training and education efforts
Step two of the five-step risk management process.
Hazard Evaluation
Once a hazard has been identified, it needs to be blank.
Once a hazard has been identified, it has to be assigned blank. In this step, a blank is established for a hazard in terms of blank and blank
Evaluated
Relative importance
Value
Frequency and severity
Is the probability that an injurious event can happen, and it can best be described as low, moderate, or high based on the number of times that a particular hazard is present or the number of times injury results from the hazard.
Frequency
Can be viewed as a harmful consequences or cost associated with injury or property damage from a given hazard. Descriptions of low, moderate, or high can be applied to blank.
Severity
Step three in the five-step risk management process.
Hazard Prioritization
Step four of the five step risk management process.
Hazard Control
Once a hazard has been prioritized, efforts can be made to blank to the hazard or to blank the hazard.
Minimize exposure
Correct
The overall strategy of hazard control is called blank.
It is accomplished using a blank to reduce the potential for accidents and injuries.
Mitigation
Hierarchy of controls
In the simplest form, a control hierarchy includes the following steps:
- Design
- Guard
- Warn
The fire service mitigation hierarchy refers to a preferred order of hazard control stages:
Elimination Reduction Adaptation Transfer Avoidance
Prior to elimination, though, hazard blank and blank are the control methods most often employed at an incident.
Adaptation and reduction
The actual action used for mitigation is called a blank.
Definition: An action used to effect has heard medication.
Countermeasure
Step five of the five step risk management process.
Hazard Monitoring
The ability to revisit hazards and continually assess the operations and the environment to determine whether a hazard is truly being mitigated.
Cyclic thinking
The hallmark of a good ISO is the ability to continually reassess blank.
Risk versus benefit
The most common form of risk management include the use of a blank.
Five step process
