Ch4.3

Question 1

Shogun

Answer 1

A shogun (将軍 shōgun ?, [ɕoːɡu͍ɴ] ( listen)) was a hereditary military dictator in Japan during the period from 1185 to 1868 (with exceptions). In this period, the shoguns were the de facto rulers of the country; although nominally they were appointed by the Emperor as a ceremonial formality.

Question 2

Daimyo

Answer 2

one of the great lords who were vassals of the shogun.

Question 3

Seppuku

Answer 3

Ritual suicide by disembowelment carried out by samurai. Literally means “stomach cutting.” The samurai committing seppuku would shove a dagger such as a tanto into their stomach while another samurai acted as their second by lopping off their head.

Question 4

Samurai

Answer 4

a member of a powerful military caste in feudal Japan, especially a member of the class of military retainers of the daimyos.

Question 5

Longboat

Answer 5

a large boat that may be launched from a sailing ship.

another term for longship.

Question 6

Steppe

Answer 6

In physical geography, a steppe (Old Russian: степ [step], grassland) is an ecoregion, in the montane grasslands and shrublands and temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biomes, characterized by grassland plains without trees apart from those near rivers and lakes.

Question 7

Rus

Answer 7

Originally, the name Rus’ (Русь, Rus) referred to the people, regions, and medieval states (ninth to twelfth centuries) of the Kievan Rus’. In the Western culture, it is better known as Ruthenia from the eleventh century onwards.

Question 8

Slavs

Answer 8

a member of a group of peoples in central and eastern Europe speaking Slavic languages.

Question 9

Principality of Kiev

Answer 9

The Principality of Kiev (Old East Slavic: Киевское князство, Ukrainian: Київське князівство) was a Ruthenian state in the regions of central Ukraine around the city of Kiev that existed after the fragmentation of the Kievan Rus’ in the early 12th century.

Question 10

Leif Erickson

Answer 10

Leif Erikson or Leif Ericson was an Icelandic explorer and the first known European to have discovered North America, before Christopher Columbus.

Question 11

Vinland sagas

Answer 11

The Vinland Sagas are two Icelandic texts written independently of each other in the early thirteenth century; The Saga of the Greenlanders (Grænlendinga Saga) and The Saga of Eric the Red, (Eiríks Saga Rauða).

Question 12

Danelaw

Answer 12

The Danelaw (also known as the Danelagh; Old English: Dena lagu; Danish: Danelagen), as recorded in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, is a historical name given to the part of England in which the laws of the Danes held sway and dominated those of the Anglo-Saxons.

Question 13

Silk roads

Answer 13

The Silk Road is a historically important international trade route between China and the Mediterranean. Because China silk comprised a large proportion of the trade along this ancient road, in 1877, it was named the ‘Silk Road’ by Ferdinand von Richthofen, an eminent German geographer.

Question 14

Epitaphs

Answer 14

a phrase or statement written in memory of a person who has died, especially as an inscription on a tombstone.

Question 15

Foot-bindings

Answer 15

Definition of foot–binding. : the compressing of the feet of girls with tight bandages (as formerly in China) so as to keep the feet from being over three or four inches long.

Question 16

Empress wu

Answer 16

Wu Zetian, also known as Wu Zhao, Wu Hou, and during the later Tang dynasty as Tian Hou, referred to in English as Empress Consort Wu or by the deprecated term “Empress Wu”, was a Chinese sovereign who

Question 17

Civil service exam

Answer 17

Civil service examinations (also public tendering) are examinations implemented in various countries for recruitment and admission to the civil service. They are intended as a method to achieve an effective, rational public administration on a merit system.