Ch.3 The Muslim Religion Flashcards
Nationalism
The patriarch of a tribe or family
Risorgimento
The Quran is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims believe to be a revelation from God.
Young Italy movement
is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion articulated by the Qur’an, a religious text considered by its adherents to be the verbatim word of God (Allāh), and, for the vast majority of adherents, by the teachings and normative …
Giuseppe Mazzini
Is a veil traditionally worn by Muslim women in the presence of adult males outside of their immediate family, which usually covers the head and chest.
Giuseppe garibaldi
the Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca that takes place in the last month of the year, and that all Muslims are expected to make at least once during their lifetime.
Liberal
A nomadic Arab of the desert.
Unifications
among Muslims) a war or struggle against unbelievers.
Otto von Bismarck
A Muslim place of worship.
Kaiser
Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh ibn Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim, in short form Muhammad, is considered by Muslims to be the last messenger and prophet sent by God to guide humanity to the right way.
The zelverein
Abū Bakr ‘Abdallāh bin Abī Quḥāfah aṣ-Ṣiddīq popularly known as Abu Bakr, was a senior companion and—through his daughter Aisha—the father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
The junkers
Muawiyah I established the Umayyad Dynasty of the caliphate, and was the second caliph from the Umayyad clan, the first being Uthman ibn Affan
Franco Russian war
Sunni Islam (/ˈsuːni/ or /ˈsʊni/) is a denomination of Islam which holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad’s first Caliph was his father-in-law Abu Bakr. Sunni Islam primarily contrasts with Shi’a Islam, which holds that Muhammad’s son-in-law and cousin Ali ibn Abi Talib, not Abu Bakr, was his first caliph.
Realpolitik
a very british and therefore great way of saying shit. shite sounds much more effective than shit
Czar Alexander
A caliphate (Arabic: خِلافة khilāfa) is an area containing an Islamic steward known as a caliph (Arabic: خَليفة khalīfah pronunciation (help. · info))—a person considered a religious successor to the Islamic prophet, Muhammad (Muhammad ibn ʿAbdullāh), and a leader of the entire Muslim community.
Emancipation
The term Moors refers to the Muslim inhabitants of the Maghreb, North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, Sicily, and Malta during the Middle Ages, who initially were Berber and Arab peoples of North African descent.
Serfs
The mariner’s astrolabe, also called sea astrolabe, was an inclinometer used to determine the latitude of a ship at sea by measuring the sun’s noon altitude (declination) or the meridian altitude of a star of known declinatio
Social Democratic Party
Mecca, in a desert valley in western Saudi Arabia, is Islam’s holiest city, as it’s the birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad and the faith itself. Only Muslims are allowed in the city, with millions arriving for the annual Hajj (pilgrimage). Dating from the 7th century, the central Masjid al-Haram (Sacred Mosque) surrounds the Kaaba, the cloth-covered cubic structure that’s Islam’s most sacred shrine.
Autocrat
Medina is a city in western Saudi Arabia. In the city center, the vast Al-Masjid an-Nabawi (Prophet’s Mosque) is a major Islamic pilgrimage site. Its striking Green Dome rises above the tombs of the Prophet Muhammad and early Islamic leaders Abu Bakr and Umar. The Masjid al-Qiblatain (Qiblatain Mosque) is known as the site where the Prophet Muhammad received the command to change the direction of prayer to Mecca.
Progroms
The believer worships God directly without the intercession of priests or clergy or saints. The believer’s duties are summed up in five simple rules, the so-called Five Pillars of Islam: Belief, Worship, Fasting, Almsgiving, and Pilgrimage.
Duma
Khadijah or Khadīja bint Khuwaylid or Khadīja al-Kubra was the first wife of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. She is commonly regarded by Muslims as the “Mother of the Believers”, and was the first person to convert to Islam.
Tanzimat reforms
The Haditha massacre refers to the November 19, 2005, incident in which a group of United States Marines killed 24 unarmed Iraqi civilians. The massacre occurred in Haditha, a city in Iraq’s western province of Al Anbar.
Dual monarchy
a body of Muslim scholars recognized as having specialist knowledge of Islamic sacred law and theology.
Crimean war
A caliphate (Arabic: خِلافة khilāfa) is an area containing an Islamic steward known as a caliph (Arabic: خَليفة khalīfah pronunciation (help. · info))—a person considered a religious successor to the Islamic prophet, Muhammad (Muhammad ibn ʿAbdullāh), and a leader of the entire Muslim community
Treaty of santesfano
The Umayyad Caliphate, also spelled Omayyad, was the second of the four major Arab caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. This caliphate was centered on the Umayyad dynasty, hailing from Mecca.
