Ch.3 The Muslim Religion

Question 1

Nationalism

Answer 1

The patriarch of a tribe or family

Question 2

Risorgimento

Answer 2

The Quran is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims believe to be a revelation from God.

Question 3

Young Italy movement

Answer 3

is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion articulated by the Qur’an, a religious text considered by its adherents to be the verbatim word of God (Allāh), and, for the vast majority of adherents, by the teachings and normative …

Question 4

Giuseppe Mazzini

Answer 4

Is a veil traditionally worn by Muslim women in the presence of adult males outside of their immediate family, which usually covers the head and chest.

Question 5

Giuseppe garibaldi

Answer 5

the Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca that takes place in the last month of the year, and that all Muslims are expected to make at least once during their lifetime.

Question 6

Liberal

Answer 6

A nomadic Arab of the desert.

Question 7

Unifications

Answer 7

among Muslims) a war or struggle against unbelievers.

Question 8

Otto von Bismarck

Answer 8

A Muslim place of worship.

Question 9

Kaiser

Answer 9

Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh ibn Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim, in short form Muhammad, is considered by Muslims to be the last messenger and prophet sent by God to guide humanity to the right way.

Question 10

The zelverein

Answer 10

Abū Bakr ‘Abdallāh bin Abī Quḥāfah aṣ-Ṣiddīq popularly known as Abu Bakr, was a senior companion and—through his daughter Aisha—the father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

Question 11

The junkers

Answer 11

Muawiyah I established the Umayyad Dynasty of the caliphate, and was the second caliph from the Umayyad clan, the first being Uthman ibn Affan

Question 12

Franco Russian war

Answer 12

Sunni Islam (/ˈsuːni/ or /ˈsʊni/) is a denomination of Islam which holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad’s first Caliph was his father-in-law Abu Bakr. Sunni Islam primarily contrasts with Shi’a Islam, which holds that Muhammad’s son-in-law and cousin Ali ibn Abi Talib, not Abu Bakr, was his first caliph.

Question 13

Realpolitik

Answer 13

a very british and therefore great way of saying shit. shite sounds much more effective than shit

Question 14

Czar Alexander

Answer 14

A caliphate (Arabic: خِلافة‎‎ khilāfa) is an area containing an Islamic steward known as a caliph (Arabic: خَليفة‎‎ khalīfah pronunciation (help. · info))—a person considered a religious successor to the Islamic prophet, Muhammad (Muhammad ibn ʿAbdullāh), and a leader of the entire Muslim community.

Question 15

Emancipation

Answer 15

The term Moors refers to the Muslim inhabitants of the Maghreb, North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, Sicily, and Malta during the Middle Ages, who initially were Berber and Arab peoples of North African descent.

Question 16

Serfs

Answer 16

The mariner’s astrolabe, also called sea astrolabe, was an inclinometer used to determine the latitude of a ship at sea by measuring the sun’s noon altitude (declination) or the meridian altitude of a star of known declinatio

Question 17

Social Democratic Party

Answer 17

Mecca, in a desert valley in western Saudi Arabia, is Islam’s holiest city, as it’s the birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad and the faith itself. Only Muslims are allowed in the city, with millions arriving for the annual Hajj (pilgrimage). Dating from the 7th century, the central Masjid al-Haram (Sacred Mosque) surrounds the Kaaba, the cloth-covered cubic structure that’s Islam’s most sacred shrine.

Question 18

Autocrat

Answer 18

Medina is a city in western Saudi Arabia. In the city center, the vast Al-Masjid an-Nabawi (Prophet’s Mosque) is a major Islamic pilgrimage site. Its striking Green Dome rises above the tombs of the Prophet Muhammad and early Islamic leaders Abu Bakr and Umar. The Masjid al-Qiblatain (Qiblatain Mosque) is known as the site where the Prophet Muhammad received the command to change the direction of prayer to Mecca.

Question 19

Progroms

Answer 19

The believer worships God directly without the intercession of priests or clergy or saints. The believer’s duties are summed up in five simple rules, the so-called Five Pillars of Islam: Belief, Worship, Fasting, Almsgiving, and Pilgrimage.

Question 20

Duma

Answer 20

Khadijah or Khadīja bint Khuwaylid or Khadīja al-Kubra was the first wife of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. She is commonly regarded by Muslims as the “Mother of the Believers”, and was the first person to convert to Islam.

Question 21

Tanzimat reforms

Answer 21

The Haditha massacre refers to the November 19, 2005, incident in which a group of United States Marines killed 24 unarmed Iraqi civilians. The massacre occurred in Haditha, a city in Iraq’s western province of Al Anbar.

Question 22

Dual monarchy

Answer 22

a body of Muslim scholars recognized as having specialist knowledge of Islamic sacred law and theology.

Question 23

Crimean war

Answer 23

A caliphate (Arabic: خِلافة‎‎ khilāfa) is an area containing an Islamic steward known as a caliph (Arabic: خَليفة‎‎ khalīfah pronunciation (help. · info))—a person considered a religious successor to the Islamic prophet, Muhammad (Muhammad ibn ʿAbdullāh), and a leader of the entire Muslim community

Question 24

Treaty of santesfano

Answer 24

The Umayyad Caliphate, also spelled Omayyad, was the second of the four major Arab caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. This caliphate was centered on the Umayyad dynasty, hailing from Mecca.

Question 25

Militarism

Answer 25

The Abbasid Caliphate was the third of the Islamic caliphates to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. The Abbasid dynasty descended from Muhammad’s youngest uncle, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, from whom the dynasty takes its name.

Question 26

Alliance system

Answer 26

Baghdad is the capital of the Republic of Iraq. The population of Baghdad, as of 2011, is approximately 7,216,040, making it the largest city in Iraq, the second largest city in the Arab world, and the second largest city in Western Asia. Wikipedia

Question 27

Nihilists

Answer 27

property or money brought by a bride to her husband on their marriage.

Question 28

Triple alliance

Answer 28

in former times) the separate part of a Muslim household reserved for wives, concubines, and female servants.

Question 29

Kuituampf

Answer 29

The Translation Movement was a movement started in the House of Wisdom in Baghdad which translated many Greek classics into Arabi

Question 30

Reichtag

Answer 30

The First Sino-Japanese War was fought between the Qing Empire of China and the Empire of Japan, primarily over influence of Korea.

Question 31

Treaty of Prague

Answer 31

The Treaty of Shimonoseki (Japanese: 下関条約 Hepburn: Shimonoseki Jōyaku?) was a treaty signed at the Shunpanrō hall, Shimonoseki, Japan on April 17, 1895, between the Empire of Japan and the Qing Empire, ending the First Sino-Japanese War. The peace conference took place from March 20 to April 17, 1895. This treaty followed and superseded the Sino-Japanese Friendship and Trade Treaty of 1871.

Question 32

Francis Joseph 1

Answer 32

Mumbai (formerly called Bombay) is a densely populated city on India’s west coast. A financial center, it’s India’s largest city. On the Mumbai Harbour waterfront stands the iconic Gateway of India stone arch, built by the British Raj in 1924. Offshore, nearby Elephanta Island holds ancient cave temples dedicated to the Hindu…

Question 33

Revolution of 1905

Answer 33

Mumbai (/mʊmˈbaɪ/; also known as Bombay, the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India and the ninth most populous agglomeration in the world, with an estimated city population of 18.4 million. Along with the neighbouring regions of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region, it is one of the most populous urban regions in the world and the second most populous metropolitan area in India, with a population of 20.7 million as of 2011.[11][12] Mumbai lies on the west coast of India and has a deep natural harbour. In 2008, Mumbai was named an alpha world city.[13] It is also the wealthiest city in India,[14] and has the highest GDP of any city in South, West, or Central Asia.[15] Mumbai has the highest number of billionaires and millionaires among all cities in India.[16][17]

Question 34

Treaty of Prague

Answer 34

The Russo-Japanese War was fought between the Russian Empire and the Empire of Japan over rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and Korea.

Question 35

Revolution of 1905

Answer 35

The Dutch East Indies was a Dutch colony. It was formed from the nationalised colonies of the Dutch East India Company, which came under the administration of the Dutch government in 1800.

Question 36

Mobilization

Answer 36

The Treaty of Nanking or Nanjing was a peace treaty which ended the First Opium War (1839–42) between the United Kingdom and the Qing dynasty of China on 29 August 1842. It was the first of what the Chinese later called the unequal treaties on the ground that Britain had no obligations in return.