Ch4 Morphology

Question 0

Analytic language

Answer 0

A language that depends mostly on word order for sentence structure and meaning. ( modern English )

Question 1

Agglutinative language

Answer 1

A language in which words are formed from strings of relatively stable parts or morphemes

Question 2

Synthetic languages

Answer 2

Languages that employ word endings to indicate grammatical function (Latin, Russian, German). Nouns change form according to NUMBER(sing. or pl.) and CASE (grammatical function of a noun, pronoun, adjective or determiner.)

Question 3

Closed morphological classes

Answer 3

Include conjunctions, pronouns, auxiliary verbs, determiners, prepositions, and inflectional suffixes. New members are not added often- hence closed.

Question 4

Open morphological classes

Answer 4

Per esempio: jabberwocky: brillig, outgrabe, words that adapt to new grammatical and semantic demands. Other examples: go; going, went. Buy; bought, buying.

Question 5

Ablaut

Answer 5

Vowel change in a verb: sing sang sung, drink drank drunk

Question 6

Free morphemes

Answer 6

A word form that consists of exactly one morpheme, and it can function independently as an English word. Ex: up and talk

Question 7

Bound morphemes

Answer 7

Cannot stand alone as words (suffixes)

Question 8

Inflectional morphemes

Answer 8

Are always suffixes in English, indicate different types of meaning,

Question 9

Derivational morphemes

Answer 9

Creates nouns and verbs: -er

Question 10

Prefix/ suffix

Answer 10

Prefix- before. Suffix- after.

Question 11

Infix

Answer 11

Absofuckinglutely

Question 12

Matrix

Answer 12

Abfuckingsolutely: infix directly precedes the stressed syllable

Question 13

Combining form

Answer 13

Alcoholic: into -holic- chocoholic, shopaholic, workaholic.

Question 14

Lexical gap

Answer 14

A word or form that doesn’t exist in another language but would be permitted by the grammatical rules of the language

Question 15

Nonce word

Answer 15

A word created once for a specific purpose in a specific context

Question 16

Compounds

Answer 16

Combinations of free morphemes: seaman, chatroom, username.

Question 17

Shortening - 4 forms

Answer 17

Forming new words by shortening: alphabetism, acronymy, clipping, backformation. (URL, ROM, cell for cellular, burgle from burglar.

Question 18

Blends

Answer 18

Joining two or more words, at least one of which must be clipped. (Motel, Internet, netiquette)

Question 19

Shifting

Answer 19

Email shifting from a noun to a verb. Calvin makes a verb a verb through verbing

Question 20

Reduplication

Answer 20

Knock-knock, no-no

Question 21

Eggcorn

Answer 21

Acorn, duck tape/duct tape, all intensive purposes/ all intents and purposes

Question 22

Folk etymon

Answer 22

Preying mantis- praying mantis