Ch4 Gender Inequality

Question 1

__ is the biological distinction between female and male

Answer 1

sex

Question 2

__ refers to the personal traits and life chances that a society links to each sex, creating the cultural concepts of “feminine” and “masculine”

Answer 2

gender

Question 3

__ are one form of prejudice against women, which devalues what a society defines as feminie

Answer 3

gender stereotypes

Question 4

women represent __% of the US armed forces

Answer 4

14%

Question 5

women hold only __% of seats in the world 188 parliment

Answer 5

20%

Question 6

__ is an important dimension of gender inequality

Answer 6

income

Question 7

in the United States, women working full time earn __% as much as men

Answer 7

77%

Question 8

__ is still performed mainly by women, despite the fact that women have been entering the labor force in record numbers in recent years

Answer 8

housework

Question 9

__ is a serious problem in the United States and throughout the world US government agencies receive 1.5 million reports of nonsexual assaults and 169,000 reports of sexual assaults against women each year

Answer 9

violence against women

Question 10

__ came to be defined as a social problem in the 1980’s; about 50% of women surveyed claim to have received unwanted sexual attention in the workplace

Answer 10

sexual harassment; 50%

Question 11

out __ have consequences for giving men power over women. reproduction is also an important issue because controlling reproduction give women the freedom to work outside the home

Answer 11

ideas about sexuality and beauty

Question 12

__ views gender in terms of complementary roles linking men and women, building families, and integrating society as a whole

Answer 12

structural-functional theory

Question 13

__ highlights how gender influences people’s actions in everyday situations

Answer 13

symbolic-interaction theory

Question 14

__ sees gender as a dimension of social inequality, with men having greater wealth, power, and privileges than women

Answer 14

social-conflict theory

Question 15

__ seeks reform within existing institutional arrangements

Answer 15

liberal feminist

Question 16

__ links gender equality to broader class revolution, following Marxist principles

Answer 16

socialist feminism

Question 17

__ calls for the elimination of gender itself, partly through the use of new reproductive technologies to liberate women from childbearing

Answer 17

radical feminism

Question 18

__ place great importance on the traditional family

Answer 18

conservatives

Question 19

__ see the trend toward gender equality as a problem. they say that this trend weakens families and reduces the importance of parenting, and they claim that children may suffer when both parents work outside the home

Answer 19

conservative

Question 20

__ object to gender inequality that limits the earning power of women and discourages women from assuming leadership positions

Answer 20

liberals

Question 21

__ look to government to raise the social standing of women by putting an end to gender discrimination and by increasing women’s economic opportunities and providing affordable child care

Answer 21

liberals

Question 22

__ claim that gender stratification is deeply rooted in present social institutions

Answer 22

radicals on the left

Question 23

__ believe that reaching the goal of gender equality requires basic change in the economy, political system, and family life.

Answer 23

radicals on the left