ch3 racial and ethnic inequality

Question 1

__ is a socially construct category based on physical traits that members of a society define as important

Answer 1

race

Question 2

__ is a shared cultural heritage

Answer 2

ethnicity

Question 3

the great racial and ethnic diversity of the United States is a product of ___ from other countries

Answer 3

immigration

Question 4

___ are categories of people that share a distinctive identity (which maybe racial or ethnic) and suffer disadvantages (such as poor schooling and low-paying jobs)

Answer 4

minorities

Question 5

___ is the deliberate killing of a category of people. European colonization of the Americas resulted in the deaths of thousands of native people

Answer 5

genocide

Question 6

___ is the physical and social separation of some category of a population

Answer 6

segregation

Question 7

__ is a process (a “melting pot”) by which minorities adopt styles of dress, the language, cultural values, and even the religion of the dominant majority

Answer 7

assimilation

Question 8

__ is a state in which racial and ethic categories, though distinct, have equal social standing

Answer 8

pluralism

Question 9

__ consists of rigid prejudgments about some category of people

Answer 9

prejudice

Question 10

a __ is an exaggerated and unfair description

Answer 10

steryotype

Question 11

__ is the assertion that people of one race are innately superior to people of another.

Answer 11

racism

Question 12

__ consists of actions that treat various categories of a population differently

Answer 12

discrimination

Question 13

__ is bias into the operation of the economy, legal system, or other social insitution

Answer 13

institutional discrimination

Question 14

__ policies allow employers and universities to consider factors such as race in hiring and admissions decisions

Answer 14

affirmative action

Question 15

__ point to cultural patterns, such as the importance given to education, as a cause of racial and ethnic inequality

Answer 15

conservatives

Question 16

__ point to social structure, including institutional prejudice and discrimination, as the cause of racial and ethnic inequality.

Answer 16

liberals

Question 17

__ claim that capitalism is the root cause of racial and ethical inequality

Answer 17

radicals

Question 18

__ endorse government reforms to promote equality, including enforcement of anti-discrimination laws and affirmative action

Answer 18

liberals

Question 19

__ call for basic change to all US social institutions, including the capitalist economic system and the political system, so that they operate in the interest of all categories of people

Answer 19

radicals