CH4 - 1 Hygiene

Question 1

Promoting hygiene including:

Answer 1

Personal Hygiene, Comfort and cleanliness, Maintaining skin integrity

Question 2

Hygiene is _________
Personal Hygiene is _________________

Answer 2

Science of health and its maintenance,
the self-care by which people attend to such functions as
bathing, toileting, general body hygiene, and grooming.
A highlight personal matter determine by individual
value and practices Involves care of:
Skin, Feet, Nails, Oral and nasal cavities, Teeth

Question 3

Why hygiene care?

Answer 3

Basic human needs, one of the 14 components required for effective nursing care

Question 4

Early morning care:
* Elimination care; Urinal or bedpan
(when the client is confined to bed)
* Washing face and hands
_______
* Making client’s bed
* Bath or shower
* Perineal care
* Back massages
* Nails and hair care

Hours of sleep or pm care
* Elimination
* Washing face and hands
_________
* Back massage

As-needed (prn) care
as required by client need
more frequent bathing
changes of clothes

Answer 4

Oral care

Question 5

Assessments (factors influencing individual hygienic practices):

Answer 5

Culture:
North American culture places a high value on cleanliness. Many North Americans bathe or shower once or twice a day, while other people of some cultures take a bath once a week. Some cultures believe privacy is crucial whereas others practice communal bathing. Body odor is offensive in some cultures and is considered normal in others.

Religion:
Ceremonial washings are practiced by some religions.

Environment
Financial status may affect the availability of bathing facilities. For example, homeless people may not have
Warm water; for those with limited resources, soap, shampoo, shaving cream, and deodorant may be too expensive.

Developmental level:
Children learn hygiene at home. Practices vary depending on the age of the individual; for example, preschoolers may be able to complete most tasks independently with encouragement.

Health and energy:
ill people may not have the motivation or energy to practice hygiene. Some client with neuromuscular impairment may be unable to perform hygienic care.

Personal preferences:
Some people prefer showers to bathtubs. Bathing times vary (e.g. morning and evening).

Question 6

• Sudoriferous (sweat) glands
  All surfaces except ________
• Apocrine glands (大汗腺)
  Axillae, anogenital areas
  Begin to function at puberty
• Eccrine glands (外分泌腺)
  ______________________________
  Cool the body through evaporation

Answer 6

lips and parts of the genitals,
Palms of hands, soles of feet, forehead

Question 7

Functions of skin:

Answer 7

• Protects underlying tissue
• Regulates body temperature
• Secretes sebum
  Oily substance that softens and lubricates hair and skin
  Maintains moisture
  Bactericidal action
  Transmits sensation
• Produces and absorbs vitamin D

Question 8

1. __________:
   * Client’s history of skin care practices/needs
2. Physical Assessment:
   __________
   __________
   __________
   * Any discomfort

Answer 8

Nursing health history,
* Self-care abilities,
* Client’s functional, cognitive levels and motivation,
* Presence of past or current skin problems,