Ch.3 Lifespan considerations

Question 1

FDA pregnancy safety categories:
A.
B.
C.
D.
X.

Answer 1

A. NO RISK
B. NO RISK to animals, no human tests.
C. RISK to animals, no human tests.
D. POSSIBLE RISK in humans, okay if needed.
X. RISK, do not use

Question 2

Gastric pH is ________ acidic in pediatrics & elderly.
Causing ________ gastric emptying.

Answer 2

Less acidic
Slower emptying

Question 3

Intramuscular absorption is _______ and more _______ in pediatric patients.

Answer 3

Faster and more irregular.

Question 4

Pediatric patients have a _________ total body water %, and __________ fat content.

Answer 4

greater water body % and lower fat content.

Question 5

Pediatric patients have decreased levels of __________________ enzymes, causing more drugs to stay in the blood longer.

Answer 5

protein binding

Question 6

Why do pediatric patients metabolize drugs slower?

Answer 6

An immature liver and decreased protein binding enzymes decrease the effectiveness of 1st pass effect.

Question 7

Why do pediatric patients excrete drugs slower?

Answer 7

An immature kidney decreases glomerular filtration and tubular secretion.
Decreased perfusion rate to kidneys.
Gastric emptying slows due to irregular/slow peristalsis.

Question 8

Older patients have a _________ total body water %, and __________ fat content.

Answer 8

lower total body water %
increased fat content
(causes dehydration & constipation)

Question 9

Factors affecting peds drug dosages.

Answer 9

1. Thin skin & permeable.
2. Less acidic stomach to kill bacteria.
3. Body temp less regulated, constipation.
4. Immature organs impair ADME.

Question 10

The correct way to write a prescription?

Answer 10

1. Drug
2. Dose
3. Route
4. Frequency

Question 11

__________ drugs may worsen constipation in older adults.

Answer 11

Calcium channel blockers