Ch3- Cells

Question 1

Cell

Answer 1

The building blocks of all living things

Question 2

Cell membrane

Answer 2

structure that encloses the contents of a cell and allows the movement of some materials in and out

Question 3

Cytosol

Answer 3

structure that encloses the contents of a cell and allows the movement of some materials in and out

Question 4

Chlorophyll

Answer 4

the green-coloured chemical in plants that absorbs the light energy used in photosynthesis to make food from carbon dioxide and water

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Question 5

Chloroplast

Answer 5

oval-shaped organelle found only in plant cells. Chloroplasts contain the pigment chlorophyll. They are the ‘factories’ in which carbon dioxide and water are changed by sunlight and water into food by the process of photosynthesis

Question 6

Chromosome

Answer 6

tiny, thread-like structure inside the nucleus of a cell. Chromosomes contain the DNA that carries genetic information

Question 7

Cytoplasm

Answer 7

the jelly-like material inside a cell. It contains many organelles such as the nucleus and vacuoles

Question 8

Cytokinesis

Answer 8

the process where the cytoplasm of a cell divides to form two daughter cells

Question 9

Disinfectant

Answer 9

chemical used to kill bacteria on surfaces and non-living objects

Question 10

Eukaryote

Answer 10

member of the group of organisms that has a membrane around the nucleus in each of their cells

Question 11

Guard cell

Answer 11

cells on either side of a stoma that work together to control the opening and closing of the stoma

Question 12

Light microscope

Answer 12

instrument for viewing very small objects. A light microscope can magnify things up to 1500 times

Question 13

Multicellular

Answer 13

An organism with multiple cells

Question 14

Micrometre

Answer 14

a length of one millionth of a metre

Question 15

Nucleus

Answer 15

The brain of the cell

Question 16

DNA

Answer 16

Genetic material that is found inside the cell

Question 17

Nanometre

Answer 17

a unit of measurement equal to one billionth of a metre

Question 18

Epidermis

Answer 18

outermost layer of the skin

Question 19

Antiseptic

Answer 19

mild disinfectant used on body tissue to kill microbes

Question 20

Antibiotics

Answer 20

substance derived from a micro-organism and used to kill bacteria in the body

Question 21

Mitosis

Answer 21

cell division process that results in new cells with the same number of chromosomes as the original cell

Question 22

Phloem cell

Answer 22

type of tissue that transports sugars made in the leaves to other parts of a plant

Question 23

Prokaryotes

Answer 23

the kingdom of organisms that consist of single cells with a nucleus not surrounded by a membrane or a cell wall, commonly called bacteria

Question 24

Ribosomes

Answer 24

small structures within a cell in which proteins such as enzymes are made

Question 25

Stomato

Answer 25

small openings mainly on the lower surface of leaves. These pores are opened and closed by guard cells. Singular = stoma

Question 26

Scanning electron microscope

Answer 26

A microscope that use laser to magnify things

Question 27

Translocation

Answer 27

transport of materials, such as water and glucose, in plants

Question 28

Unicellular

Answer 28

Organisms that only have one cell

Question 29

Xylem cell

Answer 29

pipelines for the flow of water up plants. They are made up of the remains of dead xylem cells fitted end to end with the joining walls broken down. Lignin in the cell walls gives them strength