CH3 Flashcards
all organic matter contains what substance?
carbon
what organic molecules act as catalysts in our bodies?
enzymes
what is it called when two electrons share a bond?
single bond
nucleic acids store _____ _____ that codes for traits
genetic information
what is a large molecule made of many repeating molecules?
polymer
what is a single repeating unit?
monomer
what does an enzyme break down?
substrates
what kind of bond represents unequal sharing of e-?
polar bonds
what does e- represent?
an atom with charge
what is an example of a lipid?
fats, waxes, and oils
what is an example of a carbohydrate?
sugars and starches
define polar bond.
when there is an unequal sharing of e-
what bond represents the action of electrons being transferred?
ionic bonds
what is the term for “breaking apart with water”?
hydrophobic
define ionic bond.
where electrons are transferred
what is the only inorganic compound that does have carbon in it?
carbon dioxide
what is the most important inorganic compound?
water
why is carbon special?
its versatility in bonding
lipids and proteins are both structural components for what?
cell membranes
what is a monosaccharide?
a simple sugar
what is the monomer of carbohydrates?
monosaccharide
what polysaccharide is in plants and is responsible for the “crunch” that you feel whenever you eat celery?
cellulose
lipids do not dissolve in water and are described as…
hydrophobic
how many fatty acid chains are in a triglyceride?
3
what is the opposite of hydrophobic?
hydrophilic
what is the monomer of proteins?
amino acids
what do proteins do in the cell membrane?
help things pass through
why do they use the term “lock and key” to describe how enzymes work?
because enzymes are SPECIFIC and only one enzyme fits with a SPECIFIC substrate.
what nucleic acid is single stranded?
RNA
what is the monomer of nucleic acids?
nucleotides
how is a polymer formed?
when monomers bond together
what bond represents the partial positive (H) being attracted to the partial negative (O)?
hydrogen bond
what is a collection of the same atoms bonded together?
element
what are compounds?
a combination of different elements
what is a molecule?
a type of compound
what subatomic particle is the cause of all ions?
electrons
what type of reaction happens when monomers combine to form polymers and water?
condensation reaction
what is always a product in condensation reactions?
water
water is always a ______ in a hydrolysis reaction.
reactant
what is a covalent bond?
e- are equally shared
what does adding water to a polymer do?
breaks it up into monomers
what molecule stores excess starch in animals?
glycogen
what substance digests maltose?
maltase
