Ch.26: Sexually transmitted diseases Flashcards
What is the causative agent of syphilis?
Treponema pallidum.
What is the primary symptom of primary syphilis?
Painless chancre(s) at the site of infection.
What happens during the incubation stage of syphilis?
The bacterium multiplies and spreads in the body.
What is the manifestation of secondary syphilis?
Generalized rash.
What are the potential effects of tertiary syphilis?
Effects on the heart and central nervous system (CNS).
How is congenital syphilis transmitted?
From a pregnant mother to the fetus.
What is the outcome if primary syphilis goes untreated?
It enters the primary latent stage.
Which stage of syphilis is characterized by congenital defects in the fetus?
Congenital syphilis.
What is the Gram reaction of Staphylococcus epidermidis?
Gram-positive.
What is the cellular morphology of Neisseria meningitidis?
Gram-negative diplococci.
What disease is caused by Streptococcus pyogenes?
Streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat).
What are the distinguishing features of Listeria monocytogenes?
Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium; can cause meningitis in immunocompromised individuals.
What is the virulence factor of Clostridium tetani?
Tetanospasmin, a neurotoxin causing muscle rigidity.
Which pathogen is associated with Legionnaires’ disease?
Legionella pneumophila.
What is the Gram reaction of Escherichia coli?
Gram-negative.
What disease is caused by Bordetella pertussis?
Whooping cough (pertussis).
What is the life cycle of Herpesvirus Varicella-Zoster?
Primary infection (chickenpox) followed by latency and later reactivation (shingles).
What is the disease caused by Treponema pallidum?
Syphilis.
What is the Gram reaction of Salmonella enterica?
Gram-negative.
What is the distinguishing feature of Shigella dysenteriae?
Causes severe dysentery with bloody diarrhea.
What is the virulence factor of Clostridium botulinum?
Botulinum toxin, a neurotoxin causing paralysis.
What is the disease caused by Yersinia pestis?
Bubonic plague.
What is the cellular morphology of Streptococcus pneumoniae?
Gram-positive cocci in pairs (diplococci).
What is the disease caused by Rotavirus?
Gastroenteritis in infants and young children.
What is the distinguishing feature of Giardia lamblia?
Causes giardiasis, a diarrheal illness, and has a distinctive teardrop-shaped morphology.
What is the Gram reaction of Corynebacterium diphtheriae?
Gram-postive
What is the disease caused by Rabies virus?
rabies, a viral encephalitis
What is the Gram reaction of Staphylococcus aureus?
Gram-positive
What is the disease caused by streptococcus mutans
dental carries (tooth decay)
What is the characteristic feature of chancres in primary syphilis?
painless and full of spirochetes
What is the final stage of syphilis caused by Treponema pallidum, occurring after several years?
Tertiary syphilis, with effects on the heart and central nervous system.
What is the primary symptom of primary syphilis caused by Treponema pallidum?
Chancres at the site of infection.
